Examples of game combinations. Positions (roles) of players in basketball Types of attacks in basketball

Introduction

The basis of success in basketball is in team sports, collective actions aimed at rationally and as quickly as possible creating a comfortable position for one of the players to attack the basket. An attacking team, consisting of players who are very strong individually, but who do not know how to competently interact with other partners, can rarely achieve victory over a qualified opponent. During tactical actions, the team tries to ensure

1. "clean" exit under the opponent's shield with the ball

2. Unhindered (or minimally resisted) mid-range throw

3. The short-term moment of the numerical advantage of the attackers in a certain section of the site

4. Favorable conditions for a single combat between an attacker and a defender, which include:

Exclusion of safety net by defenders of each other;

Temporary increase in the distance between the attacker and the defender, allowing to carry out prepared actions in the attack

Forced quick approach of the defender to the attacker

Striker action at speed against immobile defender

The superiority of the attacker over the defender in psychological qualities

5. Belaying the rear against a possible counterattack In terms of tactical orientation, an attack in basketball is divided into two types: swift and positional. Each type of attack contains its own system of command actions. So in a swift attack, the systems “quick break” and “echeloned breakthrough” developed, and in a positional attack - “through the center” and “without the center”

Rapid attack

The essence of a rapid attack is the quick transition of the team from defensive actions to attackers, while taking possession of the ball in order to complete the attack against the unorganized or still poorly organized defense of the opponents. The maximum acceleration of the preparation and completion of attacking actions is the fundamental trend in the development of modern basketball. It is due to both the evolution of the game itself and the changes that have taken place in the rules (reducing the time to bring the ball from the backcourt to the front to 8 s and the time to prepare an attack to 24 s). In this regard, the importance of a swift attack immeasurably increases. Successful implementation of this type of game building in the attack is possible using two systems of team actions: a fast break and an early attack. A fast break is designed to create a numerical superiority over an opponent during the development of a high-speed counterattack and its subsequent completion from close range. The most typical situations for the effective organization of a fast break are: intercepting or knocking out the ball from an opponent, taking possession of the ball on a rebound or when putting it into play with an initial jump ball. It is possible to create conditions for a successful counterattack after putting the ball into play from outside the court (for example, after a ball conceded into one's own basket), but such cases require a significant advantage over rivals in physical and technical-tactical preparedness. A fast break attack consists of three phases:

Development

Completions

success first phase is associated with a forward dash by two or three players, a quick first pass to a runaway or close opening partner, followed by a high-speed dribbling or another pass in front of a running attacker, performed at high speed.

For second phase characterized by coordinated movements of attackers into the opponent's zone using dribbling or passing the ball. The main task here is to create a numerical advantage of the attackers over the defenders: 2x1, 3x1, 3x2, etc. The most rational for this phase of a fast break is the situation when, during the development of an attack, the ball is in possession of a player in the middle position, and on both flanks he is supported by partners who are somewhat ahead of the ball.

And finally, the final - third phase breakthrough is designed to lead to an unhindered throw of the ball from a convenient, usually close distance of one of the attackers. This is achieved by the player's exit under the shield to an open position and a timely assist in his address.

The organization of a quick counterattack depends on many factors. Each team strives to realize the benefits of fast play, taking into account the potential of their players and weaknesses in the readiness of opponents. But in practice, there are three basic options for conducting a fast break: a fast break with a long pass to the breakaway player. (Fig. 89)

The most promising in modern basketball is a quick break through the center, when the middle position is occupied by the most technical player. He delivers the ball to the opponent's zone and there he chooses the desired option for completing the attack. (Fig. 90)

Along the sideline, i.e. through the flank. (Fig. 91)

If all players of the team take part in the fast break attack, i.e. the front line of attackers is supported by the wave of players following them, then they speak of an echeloned fast break. Its goal is to successfully complete an attack against an unorganized defense, even in conditions of numerical equality between attackers and defenders. In this case, a breakthrough to the basket of opponents is carried out due to the coordinated actions of all players advancing in a wide front and one after another. Layered Fast Break can end not only from under the basket, but also with an average and even long-range throw, since the attacking players are ready for active actions in the fight for a rebound in case of a miss and for the subsequent finishing of the ball. (Fig. 92)

positional attack.

Positional attack versus personal defense.

In the practice of basketball, the most common defense system is personal protection. Therefore, in order to successfully play in the attack, the team must master the ways of overcoming personal defense to perfection. No matter how well a team has mastered the fast-break offensive system, it cannot limit its offensive arsenal to this type of offensive weapon. Most often in matches, basketball players have to meet with the already organized defense of opponents. A quick break won't help here. And if you do not have the ability to positionally besiege the defensive formations of the enemy, then the game in attack will be unsuccessful. The meaning of the players' interactions during a positional attack is to reveal the best qualities of basketball players, to create such an environment for them on the court, in which the strongest aspects of the game of the attacking players would be fully manifested.

The history of basketball knows many examples of how teams achieved great success with the help of positional maneuvers, reasonable combinational play. The Baltic teams were the first in our country to demonstrate a competent positional game in attack in the late 40s and early 50s. Estonian basketball players, led by I. Lysov, skillfully led the siege of the opponents' defensive formations and achieved success in matches with the strongest Soviet clubs. Lithuanian athletes have further developed the ability to use the strengths of their players. They harmoniously combined positional combinational play with the personal initiative of the attackers. Command organization action was not violated, but, on the contrary, it was, as it were, supplemented by the individual efforts of the players to overcome the personal defense of opponents. The successful conduct of a positional siege is not an easy task. This requires strong nerves, endurance, patience of the players. And at the same time, a reasonable manifestation of the game initiative is necessary. All these qualities, taken together, are called game discipline. It is the game discipline that allows basketball players to successfully carry out in competitions those interactions, combinations that have been learned and polished in training.

Without strict game discipline, a positional combination attack is doomed to failure. After the introduction of a strict limit on the stay of the center under the opponent's shield, the share of attacks through the center decreased. The role of the center in offense has changed. His main concern was the fight under the ring for the ball, bounced off someone else's shield. In addition, the center began to help partners' attacks more often: to move further away from the backboard, freeing up space for his comrades to pass under the basket, to put up barriers for them, in a word, to participate more in combinational play. The ability of basketball players to set barriers correctly is of great importance for the successful implementation of combinations. Not only that, the player must cut off the opponent's path to the most vulnerable place in the defense. But even after setting up the screen, the attacker must continue active actions, for example, turn around and immediately take an advantageous position to receive the ball or fight for the ball under the backboard in case the ball bounces off the ring. We are talking about these things, as if for granted, because many basketball players, even of class “A” teams, and sometimes players of the national team, do not know how to properly set screens. Screening technique should be part of the basketball school. These interaction techniques need to be taught to players from childhood. After all, it is the barriers that put the tactics of basketball in a special position compared to other types of sports games. All basketball combinations are built on barriers and movements, the tactics of a combinational positional attack are based, especially against a personal defense system. Of course, with a positional attack, it is important to be able to use strengths games of their basketball players. However, it is equally important to play on the opponents' weaknesses, their physical, technical, psychological and other shortcomings.

When developing a plan of tactical actions for players in a positional attack, one should take into account not only the weaknesses, but also the strengths of the opponents. Can also be played on best qualities opponent, on a certain direction of his game in defense. It is possible to induce the opponent to violate the correctness of the defensive position, to make a mistake, if, as it were, to invite him to use his favorite method of defense. For example, a player of the opposing team likes to build his defensive game on interceptions of the ball. This strength can sometimes be turned into weakness by planning countermeasures in advance. An attacker in possession of the ball can imitate the transfer of the ball to a partner who is not in a very advantageous, unreliable position. The defender, sensing the opportunity to intercept the ball, will rush across the imaginary transfer of the ball. But instead of passing to the player, the attacker will send the ball to the vacant place. And the partner, guarded by this defender, will immediately make a dash to the shield.

During the game, a swift attack can not always be completed. Then a well-organized defense team must counter a well-systematized positional attack, in which all five players participate. According to the rules, only 24 seconds of game time is allotted for an attack. This is enough to play a pre-learned combination of any complexity and, if it fails, create conditions for a throw from an average or long distance in a positional attack, two systems have formed: “Through the center” and “without the center”. We will look at an example with a center.

Offensive with one center

In a positional attack with one center, the attacking team seeks to use the interactions of the players, screens to bring one of the basketball players to a position from which it would be possible to attack the opponent's basket relatively freely. In all combinations, the attacking player is brought out to where he accurately throws the ball around the ring. If, for example, the attacker has a good throw from an average distance, then he is released from the custody of the opponent within a radius of 5-6 m from the shield. If a player accurately hits a target from the free throw area, then the interactions of the partners are aimed at ensuring that this player is free here and receives the ball.

Combination "carousel"

In the initial position of the attackers (see fig.), center player 7 takes place in the free throw area. Back link 4 has the ball. He sends a pass to the right winger 8, while he himself moves to the left, as if about to set up a screen for partner 5. Having slightly gone beyond the mental line drawn along the court at center 7, player 4 abruptly changes direction and rushes past the stationary post 7 into the restricted area of ​​the free throw area. Attacker 4 needs to run as close as possible to the partner, even touching him, then it will be more difficult for the guardian to chase the attacking player. high speed to the opponent's shield, player 4 expects the ball to be passed from partner 8. If the pass is not followed, then player 4 quickly returns back to secure the rear. Forward 8 should be replaced by a player who is good at accurate and hidden passes of the ball.

Following partner 4, while the defenders have not come to their senses from the attack of the right defender of the attacking team, the left player of the rear link 5 also rushes forward. He also runs close to his center, touching him, and also points his guardian at the center. If player 5, breaking into the three-second zone, does not receive a ball pass from partner 8, then he immediately returns back to make room under the shield and protect the rear.

The third one goes under the shield, again running past the center 7, the attacker 6. He tries to break through under the basket, but not in every situation. If the defenders crowded under the shield, then player 6 receives the ball pass from partner 8 in the free throw area and, using center 7 as a barrier, throws the ball over him in a jump. Striker 8 must instantly assess the playing situation in order to send the ball in time to Right place to the attacker who finds himself in a favorable situation. On all three basket shot attempts, players 7 and 8 always rebound. The player who attacked the ring usually also enters the fight for the ball that bounced off the opponent's shield. During the “carousel” combination, player 8 with the ball has the opportunity to show personal initiative. If the defender of attacker 8 gets too close to the attacker, then player 8 will be able to break through under the basket while dribbling the ball. And if he leans far back to insure his defensive partners, then forward 8 will get an opportunity to shoot the basket in a jump from his place. The manifestation of initiative and players without the ball should not be hindered, when it is purposeful, prompted by the game situation that has developed during the combination.

The carousel combination has several options. For example, the center may not be located in the free throw area, but on the side of the three-second zone, 1 - 1.5 m from the "antennae". Let's consider two options for this spectacular and effective combination. (See Fig.).

Player 4 passes the ball to attacker 8, and he himself starts a false movement towards the guardian of partner 5, as if about to put a barrier in front of the opponent. It seems that the attackers are going to carry out the so-called "troika". But suddenly player 4 changes running direction and breaks into the three-second zone. If attacker 8 cannot send the ball to partner 4, then player 4 returns back to secure partners in case of a counterattack by the opponent.

Immediately behind player 4, attacker 5 also bursts into the three-second zone, and attacker 6 is pulled back to his place to guard the rear. Player 5 can receive the ball in close proximity to the backboard and attack the basket. And if there was no pass, then player 5 changes the direction of movement and puts up a barrier for his center 7. Attacking 7, using the help of a partner, goes to the shield along front line. He can enter the opponents' three-second zone and through its middle.

Striker 8 keeps a close eye on the rapidly changing game situation. His task is to send the ball to a partner who manages to free himself from the tutelage of the opponent in close proximity to the basket enemy. Player 8 has three directions of possible passes to his partners, and all of them are shown in the picture. After throwing the basket, players 7, 8 and 5 enter the fight for the ball under the backboard.

Here the beginning of the combination is the same as in the previous version: (see the figure), player 4, having given the ball to partner 8, breaks through to the backboard and, if he does not receive the ball, goes back to the rear insurance. Following player 4, attacker 6 and center 7 burst into the three-second zone, using the help of partner 5, who sets up barriers for the guardians of attacking players 6 and 7 in motion. , who must make an accurate pass to one of the partners under the opponent's shield in time. Attackers 6, 7 and 8 fight for the ball that did not hit the basket while player 5 is pulled back to protect the rear.

"Combination Cross"

When the center player of the attacking team is located in the free throw area, the “cross” combination can be carried out (see fig.).

Both two defenders and a defender with an attacker pulled back (in our figure, this is player 8) can actively operate in it. Consider the scheme of this combination. Defender 4 passes the ball to a teammate - player 5, and he sends a pass to the left corner of the site to attacker 6. Defender 4 moves towards the center, at the same time the winger 8 begins to move towards the center. Their movements must be exactly coordinated, you can, for example , start on signal. At the moment of approaching the center player 7, defender 4 puts a barrier on the move to the guardian of partner 8, freeing him from the defender's supervision. Player 8 runs around the center player, using him as a screen, and breaks into the three-second zone.

A moment later, player 4 also rushes under the opponent's shield, running around center 7 from the other side. Defender 5 is guarding the rear at this time. Attacker 6 waits for the right moment to pass the ball to the partner who will be in a free position near the opponent's ring. Player 8 or 4, who received the ball pass from partner 6, attacks the basket and immediately goes to recover the ball under the backboard. Together with him, partners 6 and 7 join the fight for the ball that bounced off the ring. And the other player, who broke through to the shield (4 or 8) and did not receive a pass, quickly returns to the center of the field to counter a possible quick counterattack of the enemy. The “cross” combination can also be carried out in a slightly different way: do not include the winger 6 in it, but pass the ball to the center in the free throw area. Forward 6, on the other hand, is pulled further into the field in order to make more room for the actions of partners and to secure the rear.

The movement of defenders to the post with the ball (if two defenders are involved in the combination, and not a defender with an attacker) occurs in the same way as in the previous version. And the center drops the ball to that partner who will be able to direct the guardian to the center and free himself from the opponent's guard. If none of the defenders remain free, then center 7 turns around to face the opponent's backboard and either tries to dribble under the basket or shoots the ball over the basket from the free throw area.

"Two Screens for a Defender"

It is carried out with the location of the center 7 on the "antennae" of the three-second zone and with the winger 8 pulled back on the opposite edge from the center. Defender 4 passes the ball to the right of attacker 8, and at this moment the winger 6 runs past the post, heading to the right corner of the court. Forward 8 gives the ball to partner 6. After that, attackers 8 and 4 start moving to the left, and defender 5 moves across them, for whom the whole combination is carried out. Moving obliquely to the right, defender 5 directs his guardian to the screen placed by attacker 4. Before player 5's guardian has time to get out from under one screen, he falls under another one set by attacker 8.

Using the help of comrades, defender 5 runs into the free throw area and receives the ball from partner 6. If it is impossible to get to the backboard, then attacking defender 4 throws the ball in a jump near the free throw line.

Front line players 8, 7 and 6 come in to fight for the ball if it bounces off the backboard, and player 4 is pulled back to secure the rear. Two screens for the winger

There can be several combinations with two barriers to bring the winger to the throw, (see. Fig.).

The ball is at T. Left winger K, with the help of a screen placed by P, slipped out of the opponent's guardianship and broke into the opponent's three-second zone. If an opportunity presented itself, T passed the ball. K, and if it was impossible to do this, then K continued to move to the right, ran up to guardian B and put up a barrier for him. B rushed towards his friend, freeing himself from the supervision of opponent T, passing the ball to A, also moved to the corner of the three-second zone and put a second barrier in front of guardian B.

With the help of two partners, he found himself free in his favorite position - in the free throw area. A passed the ball to B, sniper B fired at the opponents' basket. In this combination, B threw the ball around the ring not only from the penalty circle, but also from any other place on the field within a radius of 6 m from the basket.

A secured the rear, while K, P and B, who made the throw, fought for the ball under the shield in case of a miss.

I will give one more combination for the extreme player (see fig.),

P approached guardian K and put up a barrier. K started moving towards the free throw area. Along the way, K also screened the guard with A. T sent a pass to the free-throw line, and K attacked the basket from there. After his throw, P, B and K himself rushed to the opponents' shield, and A pulled back, where, together with T, he prepared to stop the enemy's counterattack.

"Pair Barrier"

A double screen is made almost simultaneously by two pairs of attacking players. It can be used to free both wingers and defenders of the attacking team. Let's give a combination scheme for the defenders (see the figure).

Center 7 is at the free throw line. One of the defenders 4 sends a pass to the center, which serves as a signal for the start of interactions between pairs of players. The wingers 6 and 8 run up to the guardians of their defenders and put a barrier in front of them. The defenders of the attacking team, using the help of their comrades, break into the enemy's three-second zone. The center gives the ball to one of them, and if this is not possible, then he turns around to face the basket and attacks the target with a jump shot or rushes under the ring with dribbling. Similarly to this combination, it is possible to carry out such an interaction of pairs of players, in which wingers. A similar interaction can also be used to ensure that the defenders go to a free position in the corner of the court and from there throw the ball at the opponent's basket.

Offensive versus zone defense

If used by the enemy zone defense first of all, you should understand why he does it, what are his weaknesses and how to use them. The main principles of action against zone defense systems:

1) try to break the zone with a swift attack before it is built;

2) players can dribble the ball only in the passage under the ring to attack it;

3) before receiving the ball, the player must take a position that is convenient for attacking, always facing the basket (this rule does not apply to centers);

4) if you set the task of “breaking” the zone from the inside, then it should first be stretched by passing the ball around the perimeter with mandatory threats of throws around the ring from afar, and then passing the ball to the center;

5) if you set the task of breaking the zone with throws from afar and from medium distances, then you should “compress” the zone with passes to the free throw line and to the center, followed by throwing the ball to snipers;

6) the combinations learned by the players against personal defense are mostly suitable against zone defenses;

7) the players must be able to determine when the opponent has put up a zone defense and which zone he uses, for this it is necessary for one of the players to run through the center of the three-second zone to the corner of the court and determine whether the opponent is following him; if not, then there is a zone defense;

8) it is advisable to create a numerical advantage over the defenders on one side of the site;

9) throws on the ring should only follow from comfortable, prepared positions, clear to all members of the team;

10) due to the fact that the zone defense creates good prerequisites for an organizational counterattack, the team in possession of the ball must take care of the rear insurance;

11) when carrying out a combination against a zone defense that requires the concentration of players on one side of the field, it should be remembered that in this case it will be easier to pick up the ball from the opposite side, because. the zone always shifts towards the ball.

By fielding a squad with one center, you can successfully carry out combinations against such zone formations as 1-2-2, 2-1-2, 1-3-1, 1-1-3. Having two centers in the composition, it is more convenient to break zone defenses 2-2-1, 2-3, 3-2.

It is not necessary to have combinations against all of the listed zone formations, however, you must have at least one against the same type of zone options. It is advisable to oppose zone defenses with a different attack formation. So, against a 3-2 zone defense, use a 2-3 formation, against a 1-3-1, use a 2-1-2, etc.

Attack against the "zone" 2-1-2

In zone defense 2-1-2 vulnerabilities are areas of the site on the side of the three-second zone and in front of the free throw area (Fig.).

This is where the main blow should be directed during a positional attack.

I'll tell you about one combination with a screen, aimed at overcoming the 2-1-2 zone (Fig.).

Arrangement of forwards 1 - 3 -1. Players 4, 5 and 8 pass the ball to each other. They can only be countered by two defenders playing in the front line.

Therefore, it is not so difficult for three attackers to create a favorable environment for taking the basket with a throw from their place. During these ball passes, center 7 moves along the end line to the opposite flank. In accordance with the principles of zone defense, defender 7 will accompany attacker 7 to another defender 8, and then return back to his zone. Player 4 runs up to defender 8 and puts up a screen so that the opponent cannot catch post 7, who goes to the corner of the court. Here center 7 receives the ball from partner 8. Now center 7 of the attacking team can either throw the ball himself in a jump over the opponent's basket, or send it to partner 4, who, turning after the screen, rushes under the basket. To receive a ball pass from the center 7 or to fight for the rebound of the ball, the attacking 5 also rushes forward, entering the position to shoot at the goal from the weak spot of the opponents' zone defense with the arrangement of the defenders 2-1-2.

Other zone formations - 1-2-2, 2-2-1 and 1-3-1 - are extremely rare in our basketball. Therefore, I do not give examples of tactical combinations aimed at overcoming these variants of zone defense. It is only necessary to say that when breaking up the above-mentioned zone defense structures, like all others, the main blow should be directed against the vulnerable places of the defense. Weaknesses in the defensive formations of opponents using 1-2-2 zone defense are shown in fig.

Vulnerabilities in the 2-2-1 zone defense are indicated by shading in the figure.

In the zone 1-3-1 - on the next. rice.

Many tactical combinations against various options zone defenses are typical for building attackers according to the 1-3-1 scheme. This is a very effective setup for attackers. But, of course, the zone defense can be successfully overcome with the help of other formations of attackers in starting position. The location of the forwards before the beginning of the combination largely depends on the resources of the team, on the individual abilities and characteristics of the game of basketball players.

Thus, a team offense includes a huge number of options and should always be chosen based on the players available on the team and use weak sides defensive variant of opponents.

Depending on the technical arsenal, physical condition and growth, each player occupies a well-defined position on the court. When playing at a beginner level, two main positions should be distinguished based on the location of the player on the court - the back or front line. There are five such positions in modern amateur basketball. Whereas in professional basketball there are ten positions. We offer you to get acquainted with the basic description of the role of players in basketball. If after reading you still have questions, then come to the training and the coach will determine your position on playground.

Number one or point guard

A prime example in the NBA is Stephen Curry. In Russia - Denis Zakharov. Average height professional player 183-195 centimeters. Weight 75-90 kilograms. The point guard or playmaker is the brains of the team. He handles the ball with ease. Looking at the game of the exemplary first number, it seems that basketball is an extension of his hand. All movements are smooth and controlled, but at any moment the smoothness of the move is replaced by a sharp jerk. Which combination to start, which way to go and how to build an attack - this is the task of the first number. This player must not only see teammates, but also calculate the situation on the site. At defensive actions the player insures the team against a quick break of the opposing team. Not so long ago, the main role of the point guard was to take the ball out of his zone and pass it to the attack. But that time has passed. In modern professional basketball, priority is given to versatile players who combine qualities that allow a player to play in adjacent positions. This is how the Combo Guard position stands out. Based on the name, it can be determined that the player combines the combination of qualities necessary for defense and attack. So the player performs the functions of point guard and attacking defender. In the old interpretation of basketball, combo guards were considered as players who did not know how to fully realize themselves on the playing field. Over time, this attitude towards the players has changed and now you can meet well-known and successful representatives of the komboguards.

Second number or attacking defender

A prime example in the NBA is Kobe Bryant. In Russia - Sergey Babkov. The average height of a professional player is 190-200 centimeters. Weight 85-100 kilograms. The shooting guard is in most cases the main sniper of the team. His specialization is an accurate shot from any distance, including three-point and free throw. It is the second number that is largely responsible for the performance of the team. In addition to an accurate throw, the player of this role has good dribbling. He easily breaks through the opponent's defense and enters the "paint". The athletic qualities of the player allow him to make jump shots after high-speed dribbling. In defense, the player takes care of the most dangerous snipers of the opposing team and is the main ball interceptor. Lightning break - this is exactly the quality that the second number has. A versatile second player who can play adjacent positions is called a swingman. This role implies a combination of the positions of the second and third numbers. The athlete's athleticism and speed allow him to effectively play both against large players, using speed, and against less athletic opponents. This position is one of the most versatile, because its representative can carry out both attack and defense equally well.

Third number or light forward

A prime example in the NBA is LeBron James. In Russia, Andrey Kirilenko. The average height of a professional player is 195-210 centimeters. Weight 95-110 kilograms. Small Forward - a player with the main function of scoring for the team. Despite his belonging to the perimeter players, the light forward is a good helper for the big players in rebounding the ball, both under the opponent's hoop and under his own. And this is successfully achieved by the players of this role, because they have more tall than the first and second numbers. Height, mobility and good coordination allow you to block opponent's shots and beat them. Due to the high growth, many representatives of this role are gaining weight and moving into representatives of heavy forwards. In modern basketball there is the concept of a point forward (English Point Forward). The player combines the positions of the first and third numbers. Having such a player in their arsenal, the team can count on a combination of playing and attacking qualities in one person. Excellent court vision and accurate passes, coupled with the player's height, allow him to beat less tall players on the opposing team and pass to attack under the basket.

Fourth number or power forward

A prime example in the NBA is Dirk Nowitzki. In Russia - Viktor Khryapa. The average height of a professional player is 200-215 centimeters. Weight 105-115 kilograms. Of course, the position of a heavy forward (Eng. Power Forward) implies not only height, but also power. In the struggle for rebounding, which is the main task of this role, you have to confront the big players. Working mostly under the basket, the players come into close contact, where every centimeter of the court won is not so easy. In the 3-second zone, the contact reaches its climax, because it is in this zone that the judges record fouls only with obvious violations. If a player of the first or second number enters this zone, then a demonstrative fall, as a gesture of rough play, will most likely not be noticed by the judge. The intensity of the fight under the ring and the correct position of the body make it necessary for the player to have an excellent physical training coupled with endurance. Like any player on the court, a power forward must confidently control the ball. Of course, in the technical arsenal of a player, one cannot meet that variety in dribbling, but nevertheless, he must, if necessary, take the ball out of his zone, being under team pressure. In this regard, the position of the player has changed quite a lot over time. Previously, the main task of the fourth number was the ability to work in defense. The attack remained a priority for players of other roles. An adjacent position that combines the skills of the third and fourth numbers is the Comboforward position.

Number five or center in basketball

A prime example in the NBA is Shaquille O'Neal. In Russia - Alexey Savrasenko. The average height of a professional player is 210-220 centimeters. Weight 110-125 kilograms. Center (English Center) is a player whose task is to play under the basket and fight for rebounds. The height and dimensions of the fifth number perfectly allow him to cope with this task. Everyone knows that a good and tight defense in your area is the key to success on the playing field. It is the center that does not give a chance to continue the attack after an unsuccessful throw by the attacking side. Due in large part to their size, many center players do poorly on free throws. But modern basketball makes new demands on the players of this position. Every year there are fewer players on the field above 220 centimeters. Priority is given to less massive and more agile players, who also have an excellent shot from under the basket and can effectively break free throws on last minutes match. It is the fifth numbers that are the team leaders in terms of the number of rebounds under the shield and the number of block shots. The player with the speed of number four and the strength of number five is called a center forward. This player fights both for the rebound and confidently attacks on the border of the three-second zone with his face or back to the ring. Unlike typical centers, the centre's speed allows him to maintain a fast break.

In the course of each competition, the same or similar positions are encountered many times. For the success of the team, it is expedient that such positions unfold in certain combinations, and not be solved differently each time. It is clear that each team must build a game in accordance with its capabilities and the accepted system of play. For example, several combinations are given at various points in the game.

Starting the game from the center. 1st (example (Fig. 61).

The central player passes the ball forward-left No. 3 and runs out in the same direction. At this point, front forward #1 runs into the free throw area, where the pass from #3 follows. After the pass, #3 runs along the left touchline to the backboard itself, and the defenders pull up from the right and behind. Thus, having received the ball, No. 1 can make a throw, and if it turns out to be closed, then you should pass to the left of No. 3, located in best position or any of the partners.

2nd example(Fig. 62). Center #2 hits the ball back to defender #4. The defender passes the ball to the running back to #3 while he moves to the frontcourt. During these two passes, forward #1 crosses the court and runs out to the backboard from the left, while defender #5 runs from the other side. In this example, #3 passes the ball to #5, but he could pass to center #2, #4, and #1.

In both examples, the attack is built in 2-3 passes and with such a placement of players that there is always one of them at the center line for insurance in case of a ball loss.

Throw-in from behind the end line in the backcourt(Fig. 63). At the moment of passing the ball from No. 5 to No. 4, the other players move along the court. No. 4 passes to No. 2, he - No. 1 and No. 1 - No. 3. If No. 3 is closed, then No. 1 can try to pass with the ball himself or pass to the left No. 5, who during this time managed to take an advantageous position for throwing into the basket .

Throw-in from end line in frontcourt. 1st example (Fig. 64 a).

The combination is built on the distracting actions of players No. 3 and No. 5, who run out to meet the pass from both sides, while No. 2 sets up a screen for No. 4. No. 4 after the screen breaks away from the opponent, and the pass follows him. If the exit fails, then one of the three partners who is in the best position should be passed.

2nd example (Fig. 64 b).

Movement of players #3, #2 and #4 are directed to left side sites. This is used by defender No. 5, coming out from the right side, to whom the ball is passed. The other three players can also be used.

Throw-in from the sideline in the backcourt(Fig. 65). No. 5 passes the ball to No. 4, who uses the oncoming exit of No. 1. At this time, No. 2 enters the free throw area, where the pass from No. 1 follows him.

If No. 2 is free, he can shoot into the basket or bring the ball closer to the backboard. If there is an opponent in front of him, then you need to pass to the right No. 3, as indicated in the figure, or to the left No. 4.

Throw-in from the sideline in the frontcourt(Fig. 66). Forward No. 1 screens opponent No. 2. Having received the ball from No. 3, No. 2 leads under the shield for a throw, and in case of interference, he can make a pass to No. 4, who is in an advantageous position on the other side.

Basketball is a game with a pronounced offensive tactic. In basketball, it is easier to successfully attack than to defend. This game is characterized Fast passage from attack to defense, and vice versa.

Another characteristic feature is that all 5 players participate in both attack and defense. Each of the players must perform well as an attacker and defender.

A peculiar exception in the attack is the center. This is usually the tallest player on the team, with excellent tactics and technique. He is always in the center of the attack near the basket, in the free throw area.

In all favorable situations, the post is passed the ball to shoot into the basket or he passes the ball to another athlete who is in a better position. Individual and group tactics defense and attack is an important prerequisite for the collective tactics of the entire team.

Attack.

The main task is to get closer to the basket than the opponent, with or without the ball, or to take positions on the court from which it would be easy to support the collective action of the whole team. The use of feints is recommended. The ball must be passed quickly, strongly, accurately and confidently.

When catching the ball, the athlete runs towards him. Due to the fact that dribbling slows down the game, it should be used as little as possible and only in cases where it can move closer to the basket or if it is part of a certain tactical combination. There are many types of throwing the ball into the basket, which is often accompanied by deceptive movements.

Protection.

Defenders must choose a position in which they have the maximum opportunity to prevent the opponent from passing to the basket. Therefore, the defenders are constantly between the opponent and the basket, because even small miscalculations in the actions of the defenders give the opponent significant tactical advantages.

In addition, the defender must be at such a distance from the opponent that, firstly, he could not get around him and, secondly, so that the defender could prevent the opponent from making long throw. The farther the opposing attacker is from the basket, the further away the defender is from him.

Due to the fact that, according to the rules, you cannot take the ball from an opponent during an attack, many attempts by defenders to intercept the ball during a pass lead to serious tactical errors. Only after a shot on the basket can you intercept the ball from the opponent, so the athletes, after an unsuccessful throw of the opponent, should make the most of the technique of fighting for the ball.

group tactics.

Group tactics are various combinations of attack and defense. It involves a certain coordinated action between 2-3 team players. For attack, passing the ball, entering a free place, crossing, screening are typical, and for defense, a safety net or switching.

Team tactics.

The collective attack tactic has two main forms: the rush attack and the positional attack. Both forms of attack, especially the positional attack, can be played in a variety of ways.

Rapid attack.

A quick attack is used in most cases as a counterattack after the team has taken possession of the ball. Before the opponent sets up his defense (1-3 people), the players of the attacking team quickly run forward to create an advantage in strength, and complete this combination after several passes (5-6) with the help of the rest of the players with a successful shot into the basket.

positional attack.

If the opponent managed to properly build a defense and a swift attack was unsuccessful, then a positional attack is used. In this case, the team tries to create a corridor in the opponent's defense with the help of innings, crossing with or without the ball, with the help of screens in order to successfully complete the attack.

The screens hold down the opponent's defense for a while if the attacker is between the basket and the opponent's defender and he does not have the opportunity to prevent the player from advancing to the basket. The preparatory phase of the attack is often repeated, because the opponent's defenders prevent the team from using favorable moments for the throw.

Collective defense tactics.

There is a difference between personal defense and zone defense.

Personal protection.

Each player "patronizes" a certain player from the opposing team. This type of protection can be carried out throughout the court or only in the free throw area (complex marking). In complex marking, the defending team's defender leaves the free throw area to prevent the opponent from making a long-range shot.

Zone sewn.

Zone protection has common features with complex guardianship. All team members collectively defend the free throw area in order to prevent close shots.

Each player is assigned a certain area on the site. The formation is as follows: one player each to the right and left of the free throw area at the level of the foul line. Due to the fact that passive zone defense has many negative aspects, both tactical and methodological, it is extremely rarely used in its pure form.