Boxing technique is both simple and complex. The simplicity lies in the fact that there are not many technical elements - a few strikes, movements, escapes and slopes. Any martial arts is ten times superior to the technical arsenal offered. But only masters know that value is not in the number of technical elements, but in the quality of development of some of them, which leads to the heights of mastery. For better preparation, boxing initially does not scatter the attention of trainees, offering to focus on a small number of strikes, but requires them to be brought to perfection. It is for this reason that boxers who train for a year or two win fights over adepts. martial arts with 4-5 or more years of training behind them.

Movement technique

To master boxing techniques, you need to spend a lot of time moving. The philosophy of movement was expressed in one phrase by the famous boxer Muhammad Ali, who said that in the ring you need to flutter like a butterfly and sting like a wasp. A boxer in the ring can be imagined as an armored vehicle on a battlefield. The better the mobility, the better the protection. And vice versa, if you stand still in the hope that a powerful torso, well-trained punching and dodging will save you, then there is a high probability that the athlete will be knocked down or knocked out in the first seconds of the fight. Just like on the battlefield, seconds count down in the ring. Boxing today is fundamentally different from what athletes practiced in the ring in the 19th and first half of the 20th centuries. He became dynamic.

Movements are developed from the very first training session - this is where all boxing lessons begin. In Soviet youth sports schools, a method was practiced when training not only began with movements. They carried out a warm-up, and then moved on to practicing striking and defensive actions, never stopping to jump forward and back. It was so exhausting at first that novice athletes could barely move their legs after training. But this approach made it possible to give my legs good jumping ability within a few months. Athletes could move forward, backward and sideways on their toes for several hours without thinking. Their mobility immediately increased, the power and speed of the attack increased, because not only the power of the whole body was invested in the jumping strike, but also the inertia of the movement itself.

Having learned to move back and forth, boxers move on to shuttle movements, which improve their technique and make their technique more varied. The enemy finds himself under attack from all directions. They add to the shuttle movements and movements in a circle to the left and to the right, which increases the effectiveness and the ability to counterattack and escape from a limited space when the athlete is pressed against the ropes.

Basic Strikes

At the same time as mastering the simplest forward and backward movements, the technique study program requires that the novice boxer also master striking techniques. Start with simple straight strikes with the left and right hands. At the initial stage, the main task is to correctly develop the movement. When mastering it, you need to observe the following elements:

• the blow begins from the hip, with a push from behind and in front of the leg;
• the body is tilted, the chin is down;
• shoulders raised;
• the shoulder covers the chin upon impact;
• the body turns during impact so that the shoulder of the striking hand is as far away as possible;
• the other hand is in defense and does not drop.

After a few training sessions, you begin to master the technique of performing direct strikes - they are included simultaneously with the movements. It is very important to comply with all these requirements when striking. A raised chin or the other hand going down makes the athlete very vulnerable to attack; any counterattack blow can be the last in the fight.

After mastering direct strikes, they move on to striking from the side (hook) and from below (uppercut). It is rightly noted that the basis of the fight is made up of direct blows, but the hook and uppercut expand the capabilities of the athlete and make him more technical. All requirements for these attacks remain the same as for direct attacking elements.

The hook differs from the straight one in that the elbow goes to the side, forming a lateral movement. But this is only a simplified view from the outside. Its learning sequence is as follows:

• the arm bends at the elbow to 90%;
• is exposed directly in front of itself;
• after this, the elbow describes circular movements.
• in this movement, the shoulder of the hand covers the chin;
• the body turns in the direction of movement, the hand is gathered into a fist, the palm faces the boxer or the floor.

This movement is a side kick, very powerful if performed correctly. The uppercut is performed from the same position as all other strikes. The shoulder moves forward, the elbow moves down, tries to take a position in front of the solar plexus, the fist twists outward, the palm faces the athlete’s face. No underhand swings! This leaves the boxer open for a while, which is enough time for his opponent to launch a counterattack.

Work at different distances

Having analyzed and mastered the technique of performing basic blows, they move on to studying and practicing their use at different distances at which a boxing match is held. In essence, at this stage of preparation, various boxing tactics are considered and practiced. The battle is conducted:

• on long distance;
• at medium distance;
• at close range.

Each distance has its own characteristics, and therefore requires separate development of various combinations, which consist of two, three and four strike series. In addition, they include escapes, dives, dodges, rebounds, and stands. The development of defensive actions is a necessary attribute of any professional boxer.

The peculiarity of these distances is that each of them is suitable for a certain type of strike. For example, at long range only direct strikes are suitable. They allow you to reach your opponent at a longer distance. Already when the fighters are at medium distance, side blows are added to direct blows. Mid-range uppercuts are rarely used. Already at close range, the opponents are actively exchanging hooks and uppercuts. Direct blows cannot be used here; they either enter melee combat or leave it. At close range, special attention is paid to entry and exit.

This entire arsenal requires careful training, which allows you not to think during the fight, but to conduct the fight, relying solely on the proven technique, which fires itself - due to reflexes and muscle memory.

Grinding technique

A boxer does not use the entire arsenal. For example, tall athletes need to use the length of their arms and body, which allows them to fight over long distances. Boxers don't tall The emphasis should be on close range, entering and exiting it.

Each athlete develops several signature elements that allow him to complete the fight with victory. This does not mean that he ignores all other series and combat tactics. They receive attention, but to a lesser extent. This is due to the fact that the opponents are always different, and there may be those on whom the practiced signature blows and connections will not work.

Technique is developed on paws, heavy bags, with a partner in training duels and in sparring. Paw training is used for the correct placement of strikes and their combinations; they take place under the guidance of a trainer. Firstly, you need to be able to hold them. Secondly, the development occurs according to the general plan of the coach, who pays attention to those points that need to be worked on.

A heavy bag is used to develop punching power. A wall pear is also used for these purposes. Working with these projectiles requires correct technique. Work should be carried out either in bandages or in special gloves. This reduces the risk of injury.

The most important thing is to work with a partner. You should not pay attention to working on combinations, but avoid training in pairs. Not a single boxing training method is capable of making an outstanding fighter without sparring and working in pairs.

During this period, attacking and defensive actions in pairs are first learned, athletes learn to defend themselves from real blows and deliver them to a living, real partner. In fights, a sense of distance is developed, and the speed of reaction to some attacking and defensive actions increases.

Sparring takes place in protective helmets and wearing 12-ounce gloves. There must be mouth guards. Over time, when boxers become experienced, they sparring without helmets, but the presence of mouth guards is mandatory.

How to start boxing? The best thing to do is find a trainer. Boxing is best suited for good fighting training. It will allow you to very quickly acquire such qualities as self-confidence, good health, good resistance to stress, and perseverance in business. It was not for nothing that the elite units of the Soviet and Russian armies were staffed by young people who had the title of candidate or master of sports in boxing. This is due to the fact that all the qualities that were developed in this sport are very suitable in extreme situations. Boxing is also suitable for ordinary people, who sometimes encounter extreme conditions no less often than a special forces soldier.

Within the walls of the “YourRevolution1905” club, we are ready to professionally help you learn to box or improve your level as a boxer. Entire sets of exercises developed by certified specialists, nutritional recommendations, “smart” weighing, classes conducted by a Master of Sports in boxing and much more, all this will help you achieve your goal as effectively as possible. For maximum efficiency and quick results You can train individually (one-on-one with a trainer) or in mini-groups of up to ten people. Come to our classes and we will help you become the best version myself!

Boxing training

Here you will find video boxing lessons for beginners and recommendations for boxing training at home.

“Introductory briefing for boxing fans and beginners who want to conduct boxing training at home”

You can start boxing training at any age with any physical fitness.

For some, simply practicing punches on the bag will be enough. But for a fighter who wants to fight well, it is important to have a well-developed vestibular apparatus, muscles and respiratory system.

Boxing for Beginners

Be sure to thoroughly stretch your joints, muscles and ligaments. Otherwise, you risk injury and stopping training for a long period. Warm-up is done before each lesson (stretching and warming up muscles and joints (jumping rope, running with or without exercises on the go).

Don't limit yourself to indoor boxing lessons. It will be useful to do warm-up, jogging, pull-ups and push-ups in the fresh air.

Following the warm-up is the workout itself. There are many exercises, and different ones, you need to pay attention to all muscle groups and load them evenly (“big biceps - show off”), so comprehensively train your legs, arms, back, and abs.

To practice striking techniques and movements, you need to regularly shadowbox - boxing with an imaginary opponent. When shadowboxing, you need to use your imagination and move as you would in a real fight.

For beginners and for practicing techniques, it is very useful to box in front of a mirror, practice punches on the “paws” or “tag” in order to develop a sense of distance and a partner.

If you need to not only lose weight but also tighten your figure, you will have to add exercises on exercise machines - muscles grow well just after the “iron”. But you shouldn’t get too carried away with iron either; lifting heavy weights has a negative effect on the joints of the arms, legs, and spine. For a fighter, the most optimal and effective exercises will be with own weight- pull-ups, push-ups, jumping, squats ( various techniques and on different groups muscles).

At the end of the workout, you need to stretch, do pull-ups, bends, and fly-ups.

Regarding equipment: you need comfortable sportswear (shorts, T-shirt, sneakers or boxers), for working with equipment - bandages and gloves, and when you get to pairs boxing, a helmet and mouthguard are desirable.

Those who have vision problems need to take off their glasses and switch to contact lenses.

Nutrition is quite simple: you can’t go hungry, you need to eat in moderation, drink 3-5 liters a day.

This concludes the introductory briefing and now you can start watching video boxing lessons.

Straight left punch to the head

A direct left blow to the head is most often used during combat and is usually used at long range. Left side stand when left hand is closer to the enemy than the right one, allowing it to be applied quickly and accurately.

From a straight left fighting stance the following can be thrown to the head:

a) only by hand and maintaining the original weight distribution;

b) only with the hand and with most of the weight transferred to the right leg;

c) with the hand using weight by transferring additional weight to the left leg.

In the first case, the punch is delivered without redistributing the weight on the legs, that is, maintaining the original distribution of weight on the legs, such as 50% on the left leg and 50% of the weight on the right leg, or 60% of the weight on the left leg and 40% of the weight on the right.

The initial retention of weight on the feet does not make the blow powerful, but in this case the boxer retains the original balance, mobility and ability to quickly maneuver.

In the second case, when the forward movement of the left fist is followed by a slight rotation of the left foot - to the right inward and the transfer of most of the weight to the right leg with a slight turn of the body to the right, the blow is also delivered only with the hand, but becomes much shorter. Turning the torso to the right provides some protection from oncoming blows from the opponent, and placing more of the weight on the right leg greatly increases the potential power of the blow that can follow from the right hand. But it should also be taken into account that a preliminary turn of the body and transfer of most of the weight to the right leg will slightly increase the time of striking with the right.

In the third case, the movement of the left hand is complemented by the movement of the body forward. The execution of the strike is as follows.

As the left fist moves forward, the right leg lifts high on the toe, helping to transfer more of the weight to the left leg. In this case, the front part of the left foot takes on 80-90% of the body weight. The left heel is slightly raised above the floor.

The advantage of this method of performing a strike is that most of the body weight is transferred to the front standing leg significantly increases the strength and length of the blow. But at the same time, in contrast to this advantage, a number of significant disadvantages arise. Namely:

a) the danger of encountering a strong oncoming blow increases;

b) the opportunity to deliver a strong blow with the right hand is lost;

c) the time required to return to the stance increases;

d) maneuverability is temporarily lost.

Regardless of the method of performing a straight left strike, after performing the strike you should take the initial stance, and the hand should take initial position.

The return of the hand is performed in a reverse motion, that is, the fist moves to its original position along the same path along which it moved forward when performing the strike.

It is best to start learning a straight left to the head in front of a mirror, using the first method, when the blow is delivered only with the hand while maintaining the original distribution of weight on the legs. The size and location of the mirror should give you the opportunity to see yourself from head to toe no further than from a distance of 1.5-2 m.

Take a fighting stance directly against the mirror, observing yourself from head to toe.

The chin is lowered on the chest, the elbows cover the torso, the fists cover the chin, the left shoulder is slightly raised, the chest is hidden, the stomach is tucked, the legs are slightly bent at the knees, toes to the side, 60% of the weight on the front left leg, 40% of the weight on the right.

Focus on your left fist.

The left fist is positioned so that you can see your nose, but covers most of the mouth and the entire chin.

When performing a punch and watching the movement of your left fist in the mirror, make sure that the fist, moving forward, does not for a moment give you the opportunity to see your chin.

The same thing should happen when the fist moves back.

The backward movement of the fist begins immediately after straightening the arm - striking. After the blow, the fist returns back along the same trajectory along which it moved forward when performing the blow. When performing a punch while standing in front of a mirror, make sure that your left fist, moving back and forth, does not allow you to see your chin.

When striking with the left, the left shoulder is raised completely, covering the chin on the left side, while the right fist protects the chin on the right side.

First, standing in front of a mirror, you need to learn how to perform a left strike in the first way, then in the second and third.

In all three cases, when practicing the left hand in front of the mirror, make sure that the left fist, moving back and forth, constantly covers the chin.

Straight left punch to the head with a step forward

A straight left with a step forward is performed with the aim of reducing the distance in the case when the distance to the enemy does not make it possible to deliver an accurate blow, or when it is necessary to deliver a strong blow.

Pulling the right leg towards the left begins with the movement of the left fist back after the strike and ends at the moment when the left fist takes its starting position.

In all cases, when any strike is performed with a step (forward, to the side, to the side forward), the strike is delivered a little earlier or simultaneously with the placing of the foot taking the step on the floor.

Straight left punch to the head with a step back

A straight left to the head with a step back is used as a counter blow and is usually used to stop the enemy’s attack or to keep the enemy at a distance.

With the movement of the left hand after the strike back to the starting position, the left leg is pulled towards the right, occupying a position corresponding to a left-sided fighting stance.

A straight left strike to the head with a step forward and a straight left strike to the head with a step back

A combination of two straight lefts to the head with a step forward and a step back is quite often used during the fight and is therefore recommended for learning and practicing in training.

From a fighting left-sided stance, performing a straight left to the head, we take a step forward.

The blow ends (applied to the enemy) simultaneously with the placing of the left foot on the floor.

Pulling his right leg towards his left, the boxer returns his left hand to its original position and takes a stance.

As soon as the left hand has returned to its original position after the blow, without delay, a second blow with the left hand is performed simultaneously with the movement of the right leg back. This second blow is delivered to the opponent the moment the right foot touches the floor as it moves backward.

As the left arm moves backward, the left leg is pulled towards the right leg and both legs return to the position they occupied relative to each other before the first kick was performed.

The boxer takes the starting position.

Straight right punch to the head

Execution of a blow begins with a sharp release of the right fist from its original position, usually from the chin.

Simultaneously with the movement of the right fist, a push is made with the right leg and the body moves forward from right to left. The left leg, turning with its toe in the direction of striking, stands on the entire foot, taking on the full weight of the body, which contributes to a significant increase in the force of the blow. The right leg is completely freed from the weight of the body, the right heel is raised high above the floor, and the right toe is twisted inward as the blow is delivered so that when the blow is completed it is aimed at the left toe. A straight right to the head can be delivered from a standing position: the boxer, remaining in place, only transfers the body weight completely to the left leg when delivering a blow. But most often the straight right is performed with a step (or sub-step) with the left foot forward, or with a leap forward. The jump is performed by pushing with the right foot. The strength of the push determines the length of the jump. The kick begins simultaneously with the push of the right foot and ends slightly before landing on the left foot or simultaneously with landing on the left foot.

The position of the body when delivering a jumping strike is exactly the same as the position when delivering a standing strike.

At the moment of delivering a direct blow with the right hand, the left fist takes a position at the chin on the left, protecting it on the left side, and the left elbow is pressed to the body, and the shoulder of the right hand, rising, covers the chin on the right.

It is better to start learning a straight right to the head in front of a mirror, using the method of striking from a standing position.

When performing a punch and watching the movement of your right fist in the mirror, select a trajectory of the fist that would not allow you to see your chin.

The blow ends with the right arm fully extended and the entire body weight transferred to the left leg.

With the completion of the blow, the right fist, located in a mirror image under the nose, completely covers the chin.

The transfer of weight to the left leg begins with the movement of the right fist forward and ends simultaneously with the full straightening of the right arm - the completion of the blow.

At the moment of completion of the blow, the left fist covers the chin on the left, the right shoulder on the right.

Returning to the stance after delivering a blow is performed in the opposite direction to the strike, that is, the right fist begins to move backward along the same trajectory along which it moved forward, and part of the weight simultaneously returns to the right leg, and the original stance is taken up.

Straight right punch to the head with a step forward

At the same time, the right leg, ensuring the rotation of the pelvis from right to left behind the blow, is pulled towards the left and, intensifying the blow, turns on the right toe so that at the moment the blow is completed, the toe of the right foot is aimed at the toe of the left foot.

Regardless of the length of the substep, the strike ends simultaneously with the placing of the left foot on the floor. And if it finds the target, it can be struck at the enemy a little before the left foot touches the floor.

The pulling of the right leg towards the left occurs during the execution of a strike (during the movement of the right fist from the starting position towards the target).

The right leg is pulled towards the left to a distance equal to shoulder width. .

At the moment of completion of the blow, the body weight is completely on the left leg, the right side of the pelvis is turned towards the opponent slightly more than the torso, the right leg is relaxed and free from weight. The right toe is aimed at the left toe. The head is lowered, the chin is on the chest.

The right shoulder is raised and covers the right side of the chin, the left fist covers left side chin, left shoulder relaxed below, left elbow pressed to the left side of the body.

Immediately after delivering a single blow with the right, without hesitating for a second, the boxer must push strongly with his left leg and return back to the original stance in the opposite direction of the punch.

However, when learning this strike, as well as all other strikes, immediately after delivering the strike it is necessary to fix the position of all parts of the body for several seconds and during this time independently check the correctness of the body position.

It is best to start with the fist that struck, then, moving from the fist, pay attention to right hand, right shoulder, chin, left fist and left shoulder, rotation of the torso, position of the left arm, rotation of the pelvis, position of the left leg and left toe, position of the right leg and right toe, right heel. After this, return to the starting position.

Straight right punch to the head with a step back

A direct right blow to the head with a step back is used as a counter blow and is used mainly to stop the enemy’s attack, having previously broken the distance with him.

From a combat left-handed stance, performing a straight right with a step back looks like this:

Immediately before performing a strike, the boxer takes a step back with his right foot from a standing position. The kick begins simultaneously with pulling the left leg towards the right at a distance equal to shoulder width.

With the movement of the right fist forward, a sharp turn of the torso and pelvis is performed from right to left in order to significantly strengthen the blow with the right.

There is a complete transfer of body weight to the left leg.

The blow ends simultaneously with the placing of the left foot on the floor and the full transfer of weight to the left leg.

At the moment of impact, the distance from the left heel to the right toe is approximately shoulder width, and the right toe is aimed at the left toe, which is observed with the necessary rotation of the pelvis.

When practicing a strike, immediately after execution, you can linger for a few seconds in the position of striking and check that the necessary parameters are met.

When practicing a strike, you should remember that you should return to the original fighting stance after delivering a strike quickly and without any delay. After delivering the blow, you should take a stance by rotating on your toes from left to right, and then, taking a step forward, return to the starting position.

Boxer technical training

Boxing technique

The entire training of a boxer is divided into four sections.

1. Technical training.

2. Tactical training.

3. Physical training.

4. Psychological preparation.

To make it easier for a novice boxer to understand this, I propose to compare the training processes of a boxing master and a master craftsman. Let's say a carpenter.

What does a carpenter need to get started? First, the necessary set of carpentry tools. This “tool set” in boxing is technique, technique. And the skills and abilities with which a carpenter performs work (sawing, drilling, cutting, etc.) correspond technical training in boxing.

Secondly, to work, a carpenter needs knowledge of how and according to what plan he will use his tools and his ability to use them. A similar “plan” in boxing is tactics, and tactical training is responsible for proper planning of a fight.

Thirdly, for carpentry work to be carried out effectively, the master must be physically strong, hardy in work, fast and, of course, dexterous. In boxing for physical state The athlete is responsible for physical training.

And lastly, perhaps the most important. No matter how wonderful a tool our carpenter may have, no matter how wonderful his plan may be and no matter how strong and resilient he may be, the lack of desire to work, the lack of a strong will and courage in decisions will nullify all his merits. Psychological preparation is responsible for the moral and volitional state of a boxer.

All sections of a boxer’s preparation during the training process and during competitions are inextricably interconnected. They, as parts of a living organism, cannot exist and develop separately.

If you have ever been interested in martial arts, you have probably heard the terms “fighting technique”, “strike technique”, “defense technique”, “movement technique”, etc. To easily understand all this diversity, a classification has been developed technical actions and a scientific definition of technology was formulated.

Boxing technique- a system of movements, actions and techniques of an athlete, most rationally adapted to achieve victory with the least expenditure of strength and energy, in accordance with his individual abilities.

The word "classification" implies ordering. All technical actions in boxing are classified, that is, ordered. These include:

Movement;

Protection.

All technical actions are divided into 4 types, each of them has several methods of execution, which, in turn, are divided into options (Table 3.1).

Table 3.1 Classification of technical actions in boxing

Bandaging the hands

To protect the hands and wrist joint from injury, boxers bandage their hands with a special boxing bandage. There are several methods of bandaging. The DVD included with the book describes the most common method of strengthening the hand. When bandaging, it is important for a boxer to evaluate how tight and tight the bandage is. The hand is bandaged in such a way that in the open position the bandage does not squeeze it, but when the fist is clenched, it tightens well. When striking, the most vulnerable parts of the hand are the heads of the metacarpal bones, the thumb and the wrist joint. Therefore, these parts of the fist are bandaged especially carefully. It is advisable to bandage each head of the metacarpal bones separately on both sides.

The quality of the boxing bandage is of great importance. The market for goods intended for martial arts today is overflowing with low-quality products. Store shelves are littered with imitations of a boxing bandage that have nothing to do with it except for their external resemblance. Often, an uninformed buyer is offered a painted marque tape or parachute line under the guise of a boxing bandage. What is a real boxing bandage? According to the rules of the competition, bandages made of gauze or crepe no more than 5 meters long and 5 centimeters wide should be used for bandaging hands. Initially, a surgical bandage was used to bandage the hands of boxers. But over time, the production of a special surgical bandage was launched, equipped with a loop for the thumb and adhesive tape for convenient fastening of the bandage on the wrist joint. This product is called a “boxing bandage”. The material from which it is made must have such a structure that, when tensioned, it stretches only slightly (literally a few millimeters), and after relaxation it immediately returns to its original state, that is, “spring.” If the material does not stretch at all (canvas, tarpaulin, marque tape, etc.), then it will not allow the hand to fully clench into a fist. If it stretches too much (parachute lanyard, elastic bandage and their analogues), then the hand will be compressed when compressed. Both of these, when struck, can lead to hand injuries. The bandage should lie softly on the hand, and its edges should not be hard (Fig. 3.1).

Rice. 3.1 Jack Dempsey

The use of adhesive tape in competitions to strengthen the bones and joints of the hand is prohibited by boxing rules. But adhesive tape is widely used to prevent injuries in the training process and in training sparring. Adhesive plaster is often used to strengthen areas on the hand that were previously injured.

Fighting stances

The stances of boxers in which they fight differ in many ways. Everyone has their own special position that is convenient for them for fighting. Many outstanding boxers can be recognized by their characteristic stance, without even necessarily seeing his face. Despite the visible differences, all boxing stances can be classified according to similar characteristics.

Boxer stance– optimal arrangement of body parts for solving various motor tasks. There are three main fighting stances for a boxer.

Left-handed typical for most right-handed athletes: the boxer is turned to the opponent with his left side, his left hand is in front.

Right-handed– typical for most left-handed boxers who stand with their right side to the opponent.

Frontal– feet shoulder-width apart, body weight on both feet. During training, it is often used as a training stance. In combat it is most often used at close range (Fig. 3.2).

Rice. 3.2 Front stand

Depending on which part of the support bears the main weight of the boxer’s body, methods for performing fighting stances are distinguished. The athlete's body weight may be to the center of support(Fig. 3.3-3.6), to the front support, that is, on the front leg (Fig. 3.7-3.10), on the back of the support, that is, on the hind leg (Fig. 3.11-3.14).

Depending on the muscle grouping of the body, the methods of performing combat stances have the following options: open low(Fig. 3.6, 3.10 and 3.14), open high(Fig. 3.4, 3.8 and 3.12), closed low(Fig. 3.5, 3.9 and 3.13), closed high(Fig. 3.3, 3.7 and 3.11).

Rice. 3.3 Left-sided stance, body weight in the center of the support: closed high

Rice. 3.4 Left-sided stance, body weight in the center of the support: open high

Rice. 3.5 Left-sided stance, body weight in the center of the support: closed low

Rice. 3.6 Left-sided stance, body weight in the center of the support: open low

Rice. 3.7 Left-sided stance, body weight on left leg: closed high

Rice. 3.8 Left-sided stance, body weight on left leg: open high

Rice. 3.9 Left-sided stance, body weight on left leg: closed low

Rice. 3.10 Left-sided stance, body weight on left leg: open low

Rice. 3.11 Left-sided stance, body weight on right leg: closed high

Rice. 3.12 Left-sided stance, body weight on right leg: open high

Rice. 3.13 Left-sided stance, body weight on right leg: closed low

Rice. 3.14 Left-sided stance, body weight on right leg: open low

Each of the stances listed above has its own characteristics, creating certain advantages and, conversely, disadvantages for boxers.

So, when an athlete is in a stance in which the weight of his body falls on the center of the support, it will be convenient for him to transfer weight to the front or back leg, without difficulty strike with a step forward and with a step back, and perform any defensive and deceptive actions with the body.

A boxing stance with your body weight on the front leg allows you to very effectively use a lean back (“pull”), quickly break the distance, and deliver very powerful and unexpected blows with your front hand. The disadvantages of this stance are the difficulty in moving forward and quickly delivering an accented blow with the rear hand.

The boxer's position with the body weight on the back leg makes it possible to instantly deliver a strong blow with the back hand, as well as quickly approach the opponent with a step forward. The disadvantage of this stance is the difficulty in quickly breaking the distance by stepping back and limited opportunities using rear tilt protection.

Boxers fighting in closed stances widely use hand defenses. Considering that the arms are raised high, it is easier for athletes to reach the opponent’s head.

James Jeffries was one of the first to use a closed rack (Fig. 3.15). Before him, boxers worked with their arms half-lowered and mainly at long and medium distances. Jeffries used the “crouch” - a low, closed stance, while being primarily at medium and close distances. The fighting style he developed allowed him to become world champion in 1899 and unconditionally hold this title until 1905, when he voluntarily retired from boxing undefeated. The style of James Jeffries was the basis for the formation of the American school of professional boxing.

Rice. 3.15 James Jeffries

Conducting a fight in an open stance allows you to provoke the enemy more and work more successfully in a counterattack. Boxers who prefer this stance actively use defenses with their torso, while their arms remain free to strike. Only experienced boxers with a good sense of distance and impact can afford to work in an open stance.

Mohammed Ali often used an open stance. The great champion took defense with the torso to a whole new level. Possessing an amazing sense of distance, Ali allowed himself to work with his hands half-lowered even at medium and close distances, being pressed against the ropes (Fig. 3.16).

Rice. 3.16 Muhammad Ali (right) avoids a punch with a body deflection

A low stance gives the boxer stability, which allows him to strike and effectively use defenses using the torso. Its disadvantage is the difficulty of movement.

The low stand was used very effectively by one of greatest boxers modern Rocky Marciano. The absolute world champion of 1952–1956 was only 178 centimeters tall and weighed 83–84 kilograms, so he almost always had to fight with more tall opponents. Marciano decided to compensate for his lack of height in a completely illogical way: he did not try to stand higher on his short and thick legs, but, on the contrary, used a very low stance. And as a result, he turned into a very inconvenient opponent. He instantly moved closer to his tall rivals, leaning forward significantly. Finding himself at medium and close distances, Rocky, masterfully using body protection, became invulnerable. He treated his opponent’s body with a protracted series of monstrous blows, and then attacked the head (Fig. 3.17). Rocky Marciano ended his boxing career with 49 fights and not suffering a single defeat.

Rice. 3.17 Rocky Marciano (right) in the ring

A high stance allows a boxer to maneuver well in the ring and perform quick strikes. Athletes who use it are usually tall. They have the ability to deliver a series of rapid strikes with steps forward, backward and sideways. 1978 world champion Leon Spinks boxed in a high stance.

Movement

Significant attention in boxing is paid to the ability to move. There is even a saying that has been reinterpreted by athletes: “a boxer’s legs feed him.” Some trainers, when teaching boxing techniques, place primary importance on the ability to move well. There is a logic to this: what is the use of mastering blows if you cannot get close to the enemy and deliver them?

Movements in boxing– ways of moving around the ring.

Possessing good movement technique, a boxer has the ability to solve a fairly wide range of tactical problems.

When watching Muhammad Ali's movements on video, it appears as if he is moving in all directions at the same time. This boxer was unusually light on his feet, and it was almost impossible for an attacking fighter, of whom the absolute majority are among heavyweights, to catch up with him. When you look at Muhammad Ali in the moments of his amazing “fluttering”, it is very difficult to determine what tactical problem he is solving at that moment. At first it seems that Ali is selecting the distance to strike, trying to choose a comfortable position from the side; then the assumption arises that this is done in order to evade enemy attacks. But at the most unexpected moment, you are surprised to discover that you did not understand anything, since Mohammed, being in the most incredible position, is already “planting” blows to the enemy’s head with both hands.

Lennox Lewis also had an excellent command of the promotion technique (Fig. 3.18). The audience was especially delighted by his incredible escapes from the corner. So, in 1997, in a fight with Andrzej Golota, Lewis, driven into a corner, entered the clinch with unexpected dexterity for such a giant and turned around his opponent as if around a pillar. Just a moment ago, feeling like he was in control of the situation, the Pole himself found himself in the corner. Within a few seconds, the confused Golota missed a heavy blow, which turned out to be decisive in this battle.

Rice. 3.18 Lennox Lewis

Lennox used the same trick in his title fight with knockout artist David Tua. Driven into a corner, in a critical situation, Lewis knocked down his opponent so masterfully that Tua simply “gored the corner.”

Movements in boxing are carried out step And abruptly. Walking in steps has three ways of execution: normal step, side step and movement in small mincing steps - “shuffle”. Jump movements are performed by pushing one leg or two legs. All methods of execution are divided into options depending on the direction of movement: forward, backward, to the sides.

In professional boxing, athletes rarely use jumping (or “shuttle”) movements, as this requires significant energy expenditure, which is undesirable in multi-round fights. In addition, the jump involves a flight phase when the boxer does not touch the ring, and this is bad for stability. Professionals move in steps, and they move not on their toes, but over the entire area of ​​their feet, which gives additional stability. The extension step and shuffle step are used more often.

To train motor skills, running and its various variations, exercises on a car tire, exercises with a skipping rope, tennis ball and a whole range of special boxing exercises.

Absolute world champion Gene Tunney (Fig. 3.19), in preparation for fights with Jack Dempsey, practiced many kilometers of crosses... with his back backwards. The fact is that Dempsey was a pronounced slugger (sharply attacking boxer), fought in a very aggressive offensive manner, had a knockout blow, and when exchanging blows he felt like a fish in water. Tunney countered Dempsey's pressure with highly technical boxing and brilliant movements and, contrary to all forecasts, won twice on points over the idol of the 1920s without any problems.

Rice. 3.19 Gene Tunney

The most important means of fighting in boxing is hit– a technical action, which is a reciprocating movement of the hand of an impulsive, explosive or ballistic type with a rectilinear or curvilinear trajectory.

The level of a boxer's skill is determined by the breadth of his punches and the ability to use them in a wide variety of situations. A good professional boxer, of course, knows how to perform all the blows, but in his arsenal he has several especially effective techniques. In this case, the concept "reception" defined as a combination of technical and tactical actions or a separate action, movement, or method of achieving a goal in a specific combat situation.

The effectiveness of the strike depends on the following factors.

Accuracy. First of all, the blow must be accurate and hit the most vulnerable spots on the enemy’s body.

The actions of Mohammed Ali were particularly accurate. This boxer did not have the strongest punch, but had an amazing sense of distance and timing that allowed him to send the most ferocious opponents to the floor. When watching his knockouts, one gets the impression that some of the decisive blows he delivered were somehow inferior, unsightly and even downright weak. However, his opponents fall. Why? The answer is very simple: these are very accurate and timely strikes. And they get into vulnerable points on the enemy's body.

The ability to strike at vulnerable points Special attention devoted to one of the greatest trainers of our time, Cus D’Amato, who trained such champions as Jose Torres, Floyd Patterson and Mike Tyson. From the very beginning of his training, he demanded that his students hit not just the torso or head, but four main, in his opinion, points: the liver, the lower left rib, the chin and the corner of the jaw under the ear.

Both Muhammad Ali and especially Mike Tyson highlighted the amazing accuracy of Joe Louis's punches (Fig. 3.20). His fist was drawn like a magnet to his opponent's jaw. Even in the most seemingly hopeless situations, this outstanding champion managed to send his opponent to the floor of the ring with an accurate blow.

Rice. 3.20 Joe Louis

Speed ​​of impact. The higher the speed, the more invisible the blow and the less time the enemy has for defensive actions. The speed of impact depends on:

From the speed of the impact movement. The higher the speed, the faster fist will reach the goal;

Brief impact movement. The shorter the fist's flight path, the sooner it will reach the target;

The period of contact of the fist with the target. The shorter this period, the more strength and a blow. According to research by I.P. Degtyarev, the blow lasts 14–18 milliseconds. When this time is increased to 30 milliseconds, the blow turns into a push.

Floyd Patterson, Lennox Lewis, and Muhammad Ali were especially quick to hit. Among today's champions, Zab Judah, Oscar de la Hoya, Roy Jones Jr. (Fig. 3.21), and Fernando Vargas stand out.

Rice. 3.21 Roy Jones Jr

In American boxing literature there is such a semi-mythical concept as an irresistible “six-inch” punch, that is, a punch 6 inches (15 centimeters) long that leads to a knockout or knockdown.

Rocky Marciano had such a blow (Fig. 3.22). This boxer quickly realized that due to his small stature, it was advantageous for him to box at close range. It took study and improvement of short strokes. Marciano was the first boxer to practice punching in water. He did this every day for two hours and eventually became the owner of very short blows that were monstrously powerful, which allowed him to achieve fantastic results: Rocky Marciano finished 83% of his fights by knockout.

Rice. 3.22 Rocky Marciano

The “six-inch” punch can be seen in the fights of the young Mike Tyson. The amplitude of his blows was at times so short that it was even difficult to see them.

Impact force. The stronger the blow, the more damage it causes to the enemy and the faster it reduces his combat effectiveness.

The impact force depends on:

From the speed of the impact movement. The higher the speed, the greater the force;

Boxer weights. The greater the weight of the boxer, the greater the impact mass (the total weight of the hand, forearm and shoulder), and therefore the force of the blow;

Impact severity. It is greater, the less movement in the joints of the shock lever of the hand. To increase rigidity, it is necessary to block movements in the wrist, elbow and shoulder joints by tensioning them;

Forms of impact movement. The force of the blow from the leg and torso is better transmitted to the target through the arm when the shoulder, forearm and hand lie on the same line of impact.

It is believed that Earnie Shavers had the strongest punch in the history of boxing. Second place goes to David Tua (Fig. 3.23). Both of them performed in heavyweight champion, but despite the fact that they had the strongest blows, they were never able to conquer the boxing Olympus - to win the title of absolute world champion. This suggests that the power of the blow, although of great importance in boxing, is still not the main thing.

Rice. 3.23 David Tua

According to the rules of the competition, blows can only be struck with a clenched fist in a boxing glove. When hitting, the hand receives a significant load, so it is necessary to clench it correctly into a fist. If the fist is not compressed correctly or its position at the moment of contact with the target is incorrect, this can lead to injury to the hand.

The hand is clenched into a fist as follows. The fingers are bent and pressed against the palm. Thumb pressed against the middle phalanx of the index (Fig. 3.24).

Rice. 3.24 Correctly clenched fist

The striking surface of the fist is the head of the metacarpal bones (Fig. 3.25).

The position of the fist at the moment of contact with the target can be very different: horizontal (Fig. 3.25, A), vertical (Fig. 3.25, b And G), vertical inverted (Fig. 3.25, d), intermediate (Fig. 3.25, V).

Rice. 3.25 Metacarpal heads and fist position

Types of blows

Depending on the direction, punches in boxing are divided into direct, lateral and low blows.

If you visit several boxing clubs and ask to see a particular punch (for example, a straight right), the techniques you see will probably vary slightly. Moreover, even in the same club, coaches can show the same shot in different ways. How to be? Which of what you saw is correct? The answer is very simple. Each blow has several ways of execution, and they, in turn, have several options.

Methods of performing strikes differ in the number, sequence of inclusion and degree of participation of the body muscles, as well as the range of motion of the joints. In total, there are four types of punches in boxing.

Strong blows. All muscles of the body are equally involved in their implementation. They are included in the kinematic chain of technical action sequentially: from bottom to top. In accordance with the given direction, the fist moves towards the target along the shortest trajectory.

Short blows. In performing technical actions of this group, the participation of various muscles of the body is unequal. The range of motion of the joints is limited. Strikes of this kind are usually delivered at medium and close distances and are characterized by a short amplitude of execution.

Quick strikes. The participation of body muscles in them is minimal, which allows you to perform technical actions with considerable speed, but leads to a loss of strength.

Long strokes. When performing strikes in this group, all the muscles of the body are consistently used. The amplitude of joint movement and the trajectory of the striking surface towards the target are significant. Due to this, additional acceleration develops and the blows acquire greater force, but at the same time they lose speed.

There are several options for performing strikes:

During a technical action, the body weight can be on the left leg, on the right leg, or evenly on both legs;

During the performance of a technical action, the body weight can move from one part of the support area to another, or it can remain in place;

The action with the hand can be performed simultaneously with the placement of the same leg, opposite leg, or both legs;

The action can be performed before setting the leg(s), after setting, and simultaneously with it;

Various links of the impact lever at the moment of contact with the target can be located either in the same or in different planes;

When striking, the position of the fist may be different.

Direct hits

Direct punches are used most often in boxing. This is explained by their simplicity of implementation, high accuracy and efficiency. That is why training in punches begins with straight ones.

Direct strikes are used at long and medium distances; they can be used to solve a wide variety of tactical problems.

Direct strong blow (punch).

The blow begins with the foot of the leg, the same as the striking hand, pushing away from the support. The legs are gradually extended in knee joints, while the foot, pelvis and shoulders rotate sequentially around the vertical axis of the body (Fig. 3.26).

Rice. 3.26 The beginning of a direct strong blow - pushing off with the foot

With the beginning of the body movement, the elbow joint is extended, and then the shoulder of the striking arm is moved out. The fist clenches and moves along the shortest trajectory towards the target (Fig. 3.27).

Rice. 3.27 Elbow extension

At the end of the impact movement, the overall center of gravity shifts to the middle of the support area. The striking hand is straightened, the fist is clenched. The second hand covers the head and torso from possible oncoming blows. The chin is lowered to the chest (Fig. 3.28). Movements in the joints are blocked by antagonist muscles, which gives rigidity to the kinematic chain of the body. As you exhale, the abdomen retracts and tenses somewhat.

Rice. 3.28 The final stage of a direct strong blow

The direct strong punch in boxing is a classic and has the widest tactical application. As a rule, it is used after preparatory actions.

World light heavyweight champion Georges Carpentier possessed a monstrously powerful punch. He prepared it in a special way. First, he distracted the enemy’s attention with his front hand, then he took a step with his back foot forward to the side and, finding himself somewhat to the side of the enemy, carried out his signature blow. This technique was called "Carpentier's waltz". Weighing 73-75 kilograms, Georges Carpentier almost always fought with heavier opponents and participated in fights for the world title in the open weight category.

Some outstanding boxers master this blow so masterfully that, noticing the target that has opened for a moment, they effectively deliver it even without preparation.

So, Konstantin Tszyu put an end to his famous battle precisely with a punch, knocking out Zab Judah. Mohammed Ali (Fig. 3.29) in a fight with George Foreman, after significantly exhausting and demoralizing his opponent, openly punched and won by knockout. George Foreman did not expect such a simple reception.

George Foreman also had excellent command of this blow, but delivered it mainly after a jab. In his most phenomenal fight, in 1994, at the age of 45 (!), old George tactically deceived the current young champion Michael Moorer and knocked him out with a right punch.

Rice. 3.29 Muhammad Ali

Punch in a counterattack was the favorite weapon of world heavyweight champion Evander Holyfield (Fig. 3.30). In 1990, in the fight for the title, in the third round, after defending with a lean back, Evander counterattacked his opponent James (Buster) Douglas with a strong straight right, thanks to which he knocked him out.

Rice. 3.30 Evander Holyfield

Direct short kick.

The blow is delivered at medium and close distances (Fig. 3.31). Most often used for a counter-attack.

After pushing off from the support, the legs begin to straighten (Fig. 3.31, b), then the foot, pelvis and shoulders turn (Fig. 3.31, V). The arm does not fully extend, which makes the blow “short” (Fig. 3.31, G).

There are several options for this method of performing a direct strike. One of them involves straightening the hitting arm at the elbow, while the shoulder does not move forward (Fig. 3.32). The blow is very hard.

Rice. 3.31 Straight short kick

Rice. 3.32 Counter counterattack with a straight short to the body

In another variant, before striking, the shoulder of the striking hand is brought forward in advance (Fig. 3.33, A), which brings the fist as close as possible to the target and makes the blow very short (Fig. 3.33, b, c, d).

Rice. 3.33 Counter counterattack with a direct short to the head

Such a blow is delivered, as a rule, ahead of the curve. There is a variant of applying a short straight one, in which the foot of the pushing leg does not turn around, but only straightens.

Tactically, a short straight line is used in several situations.

Jack Dempsey delivered this blow as a counter blow to the torso with his right hand and immediately “discharged” his signature blow to the opponent’s head - a left one from the side. Thus, Dempsey used a short straight line to approach in an oncoming counterattack and to prepare his main attack.

Joe Fraser (absolute world champion 1970–1973) (Fig. 3.34) used a short straight line in an attack as a feint. With a straight right, he blocked the opponent’s view, twisted his body to the left and delivered his main blow - a very strong left swing.

Rice. 3.34 Joe Fraser

Joe Frazier himself came within a hair's breadth of defeat in a fight with Argentine Oscar Bonavena in 1966. The short Fraser is used to being always opposed by tall boxers, with whom he tries to quickly get close. Bonavena himself was short and was also considered a sharp attacking fighter. In the second round, Fraser twice ran into Bonavena's short right straight and was knocked down twice. Only the gong saved him from being knocked out. Joe Frazier won this fight on points.

Short straight punches from both hands played a decisive role in the fight between 1978-1985 world champion Larry Holmes and Gerry Cooney. The latter was 5 centimeters taller than the champion and significantly heavier. To neutralize the opponent's advantage in height and weight, Holmes sharply reduced the distance and punched short straight lines towards him. These blows shook Kuni throughout the entire fight, until in the 13th round his trainer jumped into the ring and, covering himself, stopped the beating.

Direct fast punch (jab).

The blow begins with straightening the legs at the knee joints (Fig. 3.35, A). Then the pelvis and shoulders rotate (Fig. 3.35, b). Then, simultaneously with the continued straightening of the legs, the striking arm extends (Fig. 3.35, V). The feet take only a passive part in the strike. Due to this, the blow is quick, but significantly loses power.

Rice. 3.35 Direct fast kick

The front hand jab is considered one of the main punches in boxing. It is difficult to knock out an opponent with this technique, since the blow does not have great strength. But the jab is very widely used in almost any phase of the fight at long and medium distances.

Primarily, the jab is used as a preparatory action. By delivering this blow, boxers distract the enemy’s attention, select the necessary distance and prepare a strong blow or a whole combination.

Muhammad Ali spoke a lot about the huge role of the jab in a fight. He is considered to have the fastest jab of all heavyweight boxers.

Jab is good remedy keeping the enemy at a distance. Using it in an oncoming counterattack, the boxer has good opportunity maintain a safe distance in relation to the short enemy.

For this purpose, the jab was used by Tyrell Biggs, the 1984 Olympic champion, who was subsequently very highly rated in professional boxing. However, the jab could not save him from being knocked out in his fight with Mike Tyson, which suggests that the role of the jab in boxing still cannot be overestimated.

In the 1941 fight with Joe Louis, Billy Conn, using his jab and due to his advantage in speed, achieved superiority over a much heavier opponent. He punched fast straight lines with his front (left) hand on the retreat so quickly and sharply that Louis openly “missed” and quickly lost strength. Only a ridiculous tactical error prevented Billy Conn from winning this battle (Fig. 3.36).

Rice. 3.36 Joe Louis (left) and Billy Conn

Despite the fact that the jab is a high-speed punch that does not involve the use of much force, some boxers throw it very powerfully. For example, George Foreman, who was a pronounced slugger and puncher, threw the jab not only quickly, but also very hard. For the legendary absolute world champion of 1962–1964, Sonny Liston, the jab with his front left hand was the main blow with which he happened to knock out his opponents. Liston may have had the strongest jab in boxing history. The boxer prepared this blow with his right hand and “processed” the opponent’s forehead with it, like a jackhammer. Sonny himself said it this way: “The middle of a boxer’s forehead is like a dog’s tail. Cut off a dog's tail and it will start walking in all directions at once. Because he will lose his sense of direction. The same thing will happen to a boxer if he is constantly hit in the forehead.” In Liston's performance, the jab was a real power blow (Fig. 3.37).

Rice. 3.37 Sonny Liston (left) in the ring

Straight long kick (cross and jolt).

Straight long punches have a special trajectory of the fist. These are the so-called “cross” strikes (“cross” translated from English means “cross”). They are most effective in an oncoming counterattack.

By the nature of execution, long straight punches with a fist are identical to strong ones. direct blow(panchu). The sequence of engaging the body muscles in the work is the same: extension and rotation of the foot, straightening the legs at the knees (Fig. 3.38, A And b), rotation of the torso and extension of the arm (Fig. 3.38, V).

Rice. 3.38 Counter counterattack with a long straight to the body

The peculiarity of long strikes is the raising (cross) or lowering (jolt) of the elbow while straightening the arm. These actions force the elbow, and accordingly the fist, to describe a somewhat arched trajectory of slight curvature. When throwing a cross, the fist passes a relatively straight trajectory from above, and when applying a jolt, from below.

According to statistics, cross in professional boxing is one of the most effective strikes. Almost every boxer has it in his technical arsenal. It is used tactically in attack, in oncoming and counter-attacks.

Cross in attack was the signature blow of Lennox Lewis, Michael Spinks, Joe Louis. Ingemar Johansson, world champion 1959–1960, won his title by knocking out Floyd Patterson with a cross. He prepared his decisive blow like this: first he attacked Patterson several times with a left jab, and then suddenly, instead, he carried out a left from the side and immediately carried out a cross with a right to the chin (Fig. 3.39).

Rice. 3.39 Ingemar Johansson (left) and Floyd Patterson

Max Schmeling (Fig. 3.40), world champion 1930–1932, sensationally beat one of the greatest boxers, Joe Louis, with a cross on the counter. While watching Joe Louis fights, Schmeling noticed a technical flaw in his jab. The fact is that after the blow, Joe’s left hand did not return to its place, but fell somewhat down. During the fight, after Louis' jab, Schmeling immediately responded with his favorite cross. And he got it. As a result, he won by knockout.

Rice. 3.40 Max Schmeling

Rice. 3.41 Hasim Rahman (right)

In 2001, Hasim Rahman (Fig. 3.41) knocked out Lennox Lewis, who was considered the undisputed favorite in this fight, with a long right cross. Hasim forced his opponent to move to the left and, judging the timing and distance, delivered a decisive blow. This move earned him the title of world heavyweight champion according to the WBC and IBF.

Hit jolt applied both to the head and torso, between the opponent’s arms. The famous heavyweight Donovan Ruddock worked with the jolt of his front left hand like a rapier, which caused a lot of trouble for his opponents. For this blow, which sometimes literally cut off opponents, Donovan Ruddock received the nickname Razor. With his left jolt, he almost knocked out Mike Tyson and achieved an unconditional victory over former world champion Michael Dokes.

The lightest in the history of boxing (71–73 kilograms), the absolute world champion of 1897–1899, Robert Fitzsimmons (Fig. 3.42), brilliantly performed the jolt with both hands and applied it mainly to the torso. All his opponents noted that this blow had deadly force and resembled a sledgehammer hitting an anvil. This is not surprising, since Fitzsimmons was a blacksmith by profession. In 1897, it was with a front hand jolt to the solar plexus that he knocked out current champion the world of James Corbett. Being a southpaw, Fitzsimmons boxed with a right-handed stance. Before delivering his signature blow, he stepped forward with his right leg, twisted his torso to the left and, like a cannon, “fired out” the left jolt.

Rice. 3.42 Robert Fitzsimmons

Side impacts

Side kicks are widely used in boxing. They are available in the technical arsenal of any professional and are used at all distances. Side kicks gain additional strength due to the rotational movement of the torso and are on par with straight punches in terms of effectiveness.

Side impact.

The kick begins with the extension of the foot of the pushing leg. Then there is a gradual straightening of the legs at the knees. A little later, the rotation of the foot, pelvis and torso begins relative to the vertical axis of the body (Fig. 3.43, A). After the shoulders begin to move, the hitting arm extends at the shoulder and elbow joints. The fist moves translationally and rotationally towards the target in an arc (Fig. 3.43, b).

At the moment the fist makes contact, the body's movements are stopped due to the blocking of the joints by the antagonist muscles. The shoulder, elbow and fist of the striking hand are in the same horizontal plane, which is perpendicular to the target. The chin is lowered to the chest.

The second hand protects the head and torso from possible oncoming blows. The legs are not fully straightened, which is necessary to ensure stability (Fig. 3.43, V).

The classic side kick has several options, differing in the position of the fist and elbow at the moment of contact with the target. In some cases, the fist and elbow may be in different planes (Fig. 3.43, G).

Rice. 3.43 Side impact

The side kick is the most popular among professionals. Tactically, it can be used at any moment of the battle and at all distances.

The absolute world champion James Jeffries (1899–1905) delivered a strong side kick from mid-range and followed up his success with a series of punches (Fig. 3.44).

Jack Dempsey finished his famous combination, called the “Dempsey sun”, with a strong side. It consisted of several dives, with the help of which the boxer approached his opponents. It was this blow that was his signature, since with its help Dempsey sent his opponents to the floor.

Floyd Patterson used very fast jabs to prepare the strong side. Sometimes he duplicated the side ones, applying the first one to the liver area, and the second, main one, to the head (Fig. 3.45).

Rice. 3.44 James Jeffries

Rice. 3.45 Floyd Patterson (right) and Ali Dopo

It is believed that David Tua cannot win the fight on points. The vast majority of fights he wins end in knockouts, and it is precisely as a result of the strong side kick that Tua inflicts in the jump.

Short side kick (hook).

After pushing off the pushing leg with the foot, its rotation begins, as well as the rotation of the pelvis and torso with simultaneous straightening in the knee joints (Fig. 3.46, A). As soon as the body begins to move, it begins to move translationally and rotationally shoulder joint hitting hand. Simultaneously with the movement of the fist towards the target along a curve, some extension of the arm at the elbow occurs (Fig. 3.46, b). The degree of extension depends on the distance to the target. If the blow is delivered at close range, the arm at the elbow joint extends minimally or does not extend at all. When striking from a medium distance, the arm extends more (Fig. 3.46, V). There is an option for delivering a short side blow, when the fist moves from top to bottom and the elbow at the end of the striking movement is located above the level of the fist (Fig. 3.46, G).

Side short blows can be used with equal success both in attack and in counterattack. The “brevity” of the blow, achieved by eliminating (or limiting) movement in the elbow joint, makes it very hard.

The hook is a very formidable weapon. Due to the fact that the period of its execution and the flight trajectory of the fist are minimal, the enemy simply does not have time to notice it and take measures to protect it. But in order to deliver a hook, you need to get close to the enemy, that is, use preparatory actions.

The great Joe Louis used a series of punches to prepare his hook. He applied the accentuated lateral short right hand last, and the serial work served only as a disguise. It was with this blow that Louis knocked out Joe Walcott in the 11th round in the 1948 rematch.

Rice. 3.46 Side short kick

Mike Tyson's hooks were very short in amplitude, almost imperceptible. Thus, in a 1985 fight with Mark Young, he knocked out his opponent with such a short right hook that even when watching the video in slow motion, it is not entirely clear how Young ended up on the floor. With the same blow in 1986, Tyson knocked out David Yaco. In the fight with James Tillis, Tyson first ducked away from the blow, as a result of which the enemy “flew” almost behind him, and then delivered a very short, “six-inch” left hook, after which James found himself on the floor (Fig. 3.47) .

Side quick kick.

The blow begins with a rotation of the pelvis around the vertical axis of the body. The body turns after it (Fig. 3.48, A). At the same time, the hitting arm extends and rotates in the shoulder and then in the elbow joints (Fig. 3.48, b).

Rice. 3.48 Counter counterattack with a quick side attack to the head with a lean back

The speed of movement is achieved by eliminating extension and rotation in the ankle and knee joints from the impact, which leads to a significant loss of strength. Additional power to the blow can be given by the special rigidity of the kinematic chain of the body at the moment of contact of the fist with the target. This is achieved by tensing antagonistic muscles that block movement in the joints.

Lateral fast ones are tactically used as feints, that is, as distracting blows. But it is also possible to use them as counter strikes.

Side long kick (swing).

In this blow, all parts of the body: foot, lower leg, thigh, pelvis, torso, shoulder, forearm and fist are included sequentially. The long side kick differs from other side blows in that it has a longer fist trajectory. It has two main options.

First involves moving the fist from top to bottom by raising the elbow (Figure 3.49). At the end of the striking movement, the shoulder of the striking hand is higher than the second shoulder (Fig. 3.49, G). The punch is often delivered with a vertically inverted fist.

In second In the variant, the fist, due to a sweeping movement, describes a trajectory of significant curvature in the horizontal plane (Fig. 3.50).

At the end of the swing, the arm is half straightened, movements in the joints are blocked.

Long side kicks are often adopted by short boxers and are effectively used in attacks at long and medium distances. A serious disadvantage of swings is the significant period and energy intensity. Carrying out these strikes requires careful preparation. Swings are often used as feints. To use long side punches with your fist in an oncoming counterattack, you need a heightened sense of distance and timing of the strike.

Rice. 3.49 Side long from top to bottom

Rice. 3.50 Lateral long in the horizontal plane

The absolute world champion of 1970–1973 (1968–1970 according to the WBC) Joe Fraser used the swing quite effectively. During the non-stop attack, he tried to subtly turn his body to the left and shoot with a long left swing. The attack itself from both hands, sometimes somewhat chaotic in appearance, was intended to disguise the preparation for the main attack (Fig. 3.51).

Rice. 3.51. Joe Frazier swing

One of the greatest boxers, the absolute world champion of 1908-1915, Jack Johnson, used swings brilliantly. The dark-skinned boxer, in spite of the entire nationalist America, time after time knocked out another white one with these very blows. “Black Jack” made up entire series of swings.

The greatest “white hope,” the favorite of all America, James Jeffries, in 1910, after several hurricane series of swings to the head and body, could not continue the fight and, completely beaten, was removed from the fight by the seconds.

Kicks from below

Low blows (uppercuts) are most convenient to use at close and medium distances. They are equally effective when applied to the head and torso; in an attack they are used after preparatory actions, since they can easily be outstripped by a counter blow. With rare exceptions, to carry out an uppercut, it is necessary to create a comfortable starting position: for example, transfer your body weight to one leg or turn your shoulders to swing.

The blow from below is strong.

The strike begins with pushing away from the support with the foot of the same name as the striking hand. Then the boxer’s body begins to rotate around a vertical axis: foot, hips, pelvis, body (Fig. 3.52, A, b). As soon as the shoulders move, the elbow of the striking hand is moved back somewhat, and the fist moves backward and downward relative to the body. With further rotation of the body, the shoulder moves forward, and the fist moves in an arc with increasing speed from bottom to top and forward (Fig. 3.52, V). Then the body is slightly extended at the lower back and the arm at the elbow. At the moment of impact, movements in the joints are blocked, which creates a rigid impact lever (Fig. 3.52, G).

Buster Douglas used the classic low blow in 1990 in the fight for the title of absolute world champion. His opponent was, until that moment, invincible and instilled terror in all his opponents, Mike Tyson. In the tenth round, clearly inferior to the current champion in class, Douglas carried out a long series of jabs, and then delivered a powerful uppercut. After this, Tyson completely lost his orientation. Douglas delivered another series of blows, and Tyson was awarded a knockout. The result of this fight became the biggest sensation in the world of boxing (Fig. 3.53).

A similar uppercut caused trouble for Tyson in his 1987 fight with Tony Tucker. At the very beginning of the fight, Tyson attacked the very tall Tucker, but he cleverly moved away from him to the left in a circle, and then, already in the corner, imitated a right cross. Tyson, expecting counter blows, ducked under Tucker's right hand and unexpectedly ran into a left uppercut. The blow landed squarely on the jaw. Tyson was then saved from being knocked out by the fact that he had already begun to straighten up and the uppercut only came after him.

In 1933, a fight for the world heavyweight championship took place between the reigning champion Jack Sharkey (Fig. 3.54) and Primo Carnera. In the sixth round, Carnera carried out a protracted series of blows, which he ended with his signature right uppercut, after which Sharkey was knocked out. It was with this blow that Carnera ended many of his fights, although most of his opponents were not highly qualified boxers.

Rice. 3.52 The blow from below is strong

Rice. 3.53 Buster Douglas (left) and Mike Tyson

Rice. 3.54 Jack Sharkey

Lennox Lewis wielded similar uppercuts, but, naturally, at a higher quality level (Fig. 3.55).

Rice. 3.55 Lennox Lewis

He knew how to use these blows and loved to use them at any moment of the battle. In his fights with Evander Holyfield, Lewis threw powerful uppercuts both in the attack and in the counter-attack after ducking or diving. In 2000, in a fight with Michael Grant, Lennox Lewis, already in the middle of the first round, sent his opponent to a heavy knockdown with his favorite right uppercut, delivered in an attack between the hands. In the second round, Grant, dodging Lewis's attack, ran into a powerful counter uppercut, which first forced him to straighten up and then fall to the floor. It was a knockout.

The low kick is short.

The blow is delivered by straightening the legs, rotating the torso, and sharply straightening the back (Fig. 3.56, G) and bringing the shoulder forward (Fig. 3.56, d). The arm does not straighten at the elbow. Short uppercuts are most effectively used in close combat when applied to the head after an attack with the body or during an oncoming counterattack.

Rice. 3.56 Counter counterattack from below with a short step to the side (side step)

Short uppercuts are the favorite weapon of a whole galaxy of high-class boxers.

Rocky Marciano inflicted them mainly in attack. He hit both the head and the torso. As preparatory actions, he first carried out several strong side blows to the head, and then, with a short blow from below, put the opponent’s head on his hand, as if on a skewer. When attacking the body, Marciano first threw hooks to the ribs (and sometimes the kidneys), and then very briefly “thrust” his uppercut between the opponent’s elbows.

George Foreman demonstrated phenomenal strength in short uppercuts in the 1973 championship fight. His opponent was the equally flamboyant slugger Joe Frazier. In the very first round, in the ensuing exchange of blows, Foreman “shot” a short uppercut coming slightly from the side into Frazier’s jaw. Knockdown. After that, George launched a prolonged bombardment, which ended with the same short right uppercut and with the same result. Joe Frazier was unable to recover from these blows, and the fight ended in the second round by knockout (Figure 3.57).

Rice. 3.57 George Foreman and Joe Frazier

I have already written a lot about the “brevity” of Mike Tyson’s punches above. However, one cannot fail to note separately his short uppercuts, which he connected into a unique combination, delivering two uppercuts in a row with the same hand. The first to the body, the second to the head. When delivering the first blow, Tyson seemed to use the opponent’s body to additionally recharge his hand. It springs back, goes back and from there flies into the jaw, piercing the enemy’s defenses. It was this combination that decided the outcome of his 1986 fight with Jesse Ferguson. In the fifth round, Tyson pinned his opponent against the ropes and unleashed his favorite combination of two short uppercuts. In a post-fight interview, he said that during the second uppercut to the head, he literally felt Ferguson's nose through his glove.

The low blow is fast (bolo).

Fast uppercuts are used by boxers mainly as preparatory actions - to disguise their true intentions. They are applied only through the muscles of the torso and extension of the arm, and therefore do not have much strength (Fig. 3.58). Such strikes can also be used as preemptive ones at the moment when the enemy is just beginning his attack. Bolos can be used most effectively in an oncoming counterattack. In this case, the force of the blow increases significantly due to the movement of the enemy’s body towards the blow.

Rice. 3.58 Low blow fast

In a 1937 fight with James Braddock, Joe Louis won the world title, which he later defended 25 (!) times. But in the first round he was knocked down when, carried away by his attack, he ran into a quick counter uppercut from Braddock. The blow did not have knockout power, but it was enough to send Louis, who could handle the blows well, to the floor of the ring.

The fast bolo uppercut got its name from Cuban welterweight Kid Gavilan. Bolo is the name of the knife used to cut sugar cane. When cutting, the worker makes a similar rotational movement. Gavilan threw a quick uppercut after a wide rotational movement of his striking arm. As he fought, the crowd chanted, “Bolo, bolo!” And Gavilan, nicknamed “The Mill Man,” willingly put his idea into action. True, this blow rarely produced results, but thanks to it, the boxer was known throughout America.

The low kick is long.

Long blows from below are delivered slightly across the side. They are characterized by significant extension of the arm and a long trajectory of the fist. This allows the use of long uppercuts to attack the body when striking “under the elbow” (Fig. 3.59).

Rice. 3.59 Long blow from below to the liver

As with all long punches, throwing long uppercuts requires careful preparation. In addition, long uppercuts are effective in an oncoming counterattack to the head, that is, in those moments when the opponent himself closes the distance.

In Fig. 3.60 shows an oncoming counterattack with a long blow from below to the head at the moment the enemy delivers a straight right.

Rice. 3.60 Counter counterattack from below long to the head

These were the kind of counter-attack blows that Lennox Lewis repeatedly delivered to Oliver McCall in the 1997 fight for the WBC world heavyweight title.

Jack Johnson, in the fight for the title of absolute world champion in 1908, knocked down the current champion Tommy Burns in the first round with a long, powerful attacking uppercut. From the impact, Burns simply flew up and, falling, hit the floor so hard that the sound was heard in the farthest rows of the arena.

In the famous 2001 fight for the title of absolute world champion in the junior welterweight, Zab Judah (Fig. 3.61) in the first round almost knocked out Konstantin Tszyu with a long left uppercut (back hand). The latter was saved only by the fact that he began to move backwards and “caught” the blow already at its end.

Rice. 3.61 Zab Judah

Typical mistakes when striking

Despite the variety of existing strike options, the technique of performing them is subject to certain rules, ignorance of which can lead to serious errors. And mistakes in the technique of performing strikes in battle can be very expensive.

A striking example of a devastating defeat due to a minor error in technique was the sensational fight that took place on June 19, 1936 between one of the greatest boxers of our time, Joe Louis, and the “average” Max Schmeling.

Max Schmeling, when viewing recordings of the “brown bomber” battles, noticed one small flaw in its technique. It turned out that after a jab, Louis's left hand always hangs a little and, instead of going back and covering his jaw, drops down a few centimeters, completely opening the left side of his head for a right cross. And the right cross was just Schmeling’s signature blow. Considering this fact as our chance to win, last time over and over again he brought down exactly this blow on the head of Louis, who did not understand anything. After the fight, it was calculated that in total Max managed to land 91 crosses to the jaw of the incredibly persistent Joe, the last of which in the 12th round put an end to this fight.

What are the basic rules for striking that a novice boxer needs, and the trainer needs to follow them?

The starting position before striking must be rational. This means that punches should be thrown from a comfortable boxing stance. If the legs are side by side, then the boxer’s position is extremely unstable. If the elbows are wide apart, then the body is vulnerable to enemy attacks. If an athlete raises his head high, then his chin will become easy prey for any, even accidental, blow.

The muscles of the body should not be overly tense. “Tightness” does not allow you to perform strikes and carry out defenses with the necessary speed and amplitude.

When performing a punch, the boxer's body should not lean forward, as this destroys the kinematic chain of the punch, that is, it makes it weak. In addition, the body becomes easily vulnerable to enemy counterattacks, and the ability to move is significantly limited.

In the initial phase of the strike, the elbow of the striking hand should be lowered. Moving the elbow to the side before striking makes the strike weaker and more noticeable. In addition, the torso also becomes less protected.

The blow must be delivered with the striking surface of the metacarpal bones of the fist. In addition to the fact that the rules of boxing competitions prohibit striking with any other part of the body, a strike performed incorrectly can lead to injury to the hand.

After delivering a blow, the fist should return to its place along the shortest trajectory.

The blow must be delivered without swinging. Retracting the hand warns the opponent of danger. In addition, when performing a swing, the boxer opens his chin for a counter blow.

In 1992, a fight took place between Lennox Lewis and Donovan Ruddock. In preparation for the fight, Lewis watched many of Ruddock's meetings and noticed that he lowered his hand slightly before throwing his signature left jolt. 8 seconds before the end of the first round, Lewis threw a right cross directly into the jaw over Ruddock’s slightly lowered hand and he collapsed to the floor. Donovan was unable to recover from the missed blow and was knocked out in the next round (Fig. 3.62).

Rice. 3.62 Donovan Ruddock (left) and Lennox Lewis

Most technical errors occur on initial stages training. If they are not corrected immediately, they become fixed and are subsequently extremely difficult to get rid of.

Until 1920, in fights between professional boxers, blows to the kidneys and the back of the head were allowed, which were never allowed in amateur boxing. Even the “authors” of these attacks are known. Introduced back in the era of English prize boxing by Jack Slack, the “rabbit kick” was continued in the 20th century. The so-called “neck strike” was widely used by Philadelphia heavyweight G. Smith. When the boxer lowered his head too low, Smith struck him with the edge of his hand to the back of the head or neck. This could lead not only to injury, but also to the death of the athlete. The 1908–1910 world champion, Dane Battling Nelson, took advantage of the kidney blow. Having received such a blow, boxers bend over in pain, which is why it was given the name “scissors” (“cuts” in two).

In modern professional boxing there are also very dangerous blows that are not punished by the referee. For example, a corkscrew kick. It was first used by world champion Al McCoy in 1896. This is an ordinary side punch, in which, at the moment the fist touches the target, the boxer makes a rotational movement in the wrist joint, like screwing in a corkscrew. This causes the fist to cut into the skin and tear it, which can lead to a TKO defeat for the opponent.

Boxing is the art of self-defense. Therefore, for each of the existing strikes, the boxing technique provides at least several types of defenses. The level of a boxer's combat effectiveness is determined by his ability to defend himself and his arsenal of defensive actions. A fighter who thinks only about attack and neglects defense is doomed to defeat.

A striking example of the above is the sports path of Mike Tyson. When viewing video recordings of fights relating to the first half of it sports career, it seems that “Iron Mike” is simply invulnerable. His movements are extremely rational, and his execution of defenses is delicate. The coaching staff of the “young” Tyson’s team, led by Cus D’Amato, attached great importance to defensive technique. After D'Amato's death, Mike Tyson came under the influence of a man with a dark past, Don King, and turned into a pure aggressor. And the aggressor, as we know, does not need protection. Tyson stopped attaching importance to “tactical play”, preparatory actions, and stopped tirelessly working on polishing his defenses. And as a result, he began to miss hits and lose.

A novice boxer should pay special attention to defensive actions. Nothing gives us such confidence in ourselves, in the freedom of our actions, as the feeling of our own security and invulnerability.

Protection– technical actions of a boxer aimed at repelling an opponent’s attack.

Defenses in boxing are performed using the arms, body and movements.

Defense with hands

Defenses with the hands are highly reliable and effective, especially at close range and when fighting at a high tempo. In addition, hand defenses are very simple to perform. Therefore, it is with them that novice boxers begin to study defensive actions. But this type of protection also has disadvantages. The most important thing is that when the hands are busy performing defenses, it is difficult to strike with them. In addition, when performing defenses with stands, the boxer takes blows to his body and gives the enemy the opportunity to “shoot in” and deliver heavier blows.

Defenses with the hands are carried out by stands, rebounds and blocking.

Stand– stopping an enemy’s strike by substituting invulnerable places on the body. The stands have four ways of making them.

Brush coasters. With this type of support, the inner (Fig. 3.63) and outer (Fig. 3.64) parts of the palm can be used.

Supports with the forearm (Fig. 3.65).

Elbow supports (Fig. 3.66). Protecting yourself with an elbow rest in boxing is not prohibited, but it is controversial because it can lead to injury to the opponent’s hand. The boxer must understand that such protection may be used against his punches.

Shoulder supports (Fig. 3.67).

Rice. 3.63 Protection of the inner part of the palm with a support

Rice. 3.64 Protection of the outer palm with a support

Rice. 3.65 Forearm pad protection

Rice. 3.66 Elbow support protection

Rice. 3.67 Shoulder support protection

Bouncing– a pushing or striking movement with the hand, aimed at changing the direction of the opponent’s blow. The rebound is performed with the hand inward (Fig. 3.68) and the hand outward (Fig. 3.69), the forearm inward (Fig. 3.70) and the forearm outward (Fig. 3.71), the elbow inward and the elbow outward.

Rice. 3.68 Hitting with the brush inward

Rice. 3.69 Hitting the brush outwards

Rice. 3.70 Hitting with a forearm inside

Repelling defenses make it possible to change the direction of an enemy's strike and do not require significant expenditure of strength and energy.

Experienced professionals do not hit with the entire area of ​​the protective surface of the hand, but only with a small part of it: a sliding, barely noticeable touch to the enemy’s flying glove with the edge of the palm or fingertips. The effectiveness of protection does not decrease, but energy is saved significantly.

Rice. 3.71 Hitting the forearm outwards

Rice. 3.72 Wrist blocking defense

Blocking– a counter impact with the hand on the opponent’s body, preventing him from performing an attack at the optimal amplitude and with optimal speed. Blocking is performed with the hand (Fig. 3.72), forearm (Fig. 3.73) and elbow.

Rice. 3.73 Forearm blocking defense

Defenses with so-called “overlays” are used very widely in professional boxing, since the fight takes place at a very tight pace and boxers spend a significant part of their time at medium and close distances. Blocking allows you to “dampen” the force of an opponent’s blows, “tie” his hands, fetter his actions and force him to lose strength.

Protection with the torso

Good mastery of defenses using the body is the calling card of a professional boxer. Their main advantage is that the defending boxer’s hands remain free for a counterattack. In addition, protecting the body allows you to occupy an advantageous position for delivering counterattacks, since the enemy, while performing attacking strikes, inevitably approaches and opens up. And by striking and missing, the enemy spends a lot of energy. As you know, blows that hit the “milk” take much more strength than any other.

Among the disadvantages of body defenses, one can note their relative difficulty in execution, requiring a clear sense of distance, time and partner. In addition, by shifting the body, the boxer runs the risk of running into a counter blow. One cannot discount the fact that when using defenses with the body at close and medium distances, a boxer can injure the skin of the face by colliding with the opponent’s elbow or head.

Protective technical actions with the help of the body are carried out by slopes, deflections and dives.

Slope – protective effect boxer, the essence of which is to shift the body from the line of impact to the side due to twisting (Fig. 3.74). The slope is performed left and right.

Rice. 3.74 Defense by slanting to the left

Slope protection is the most popular. For all its reliability, it allows you to occupy a very advantageous position for an enemy counterattack.

Deviation– a protective action, the essence of which is to shift the athlete’s body back or to the side by bending the torso at the lower back. Deflection has three main options: back (Fig. 3.75), left (Fig. 3.76), right.

Rice. 3.75 Tilt-back protection

Rice. 3.76 Left tilt protection

Defense by leaning back is often used in conjunction with a counter-punch, the so-called “draw” strike. Initially, the athlete's weight is located on the front (left) leg. As soon as the opponent tries to uppercut with his left hand, the boxer sharply pushes off with his left leg and, leaning back, throws a counter side punch with his left hand.

The use of this defense in its pure form is dangerous, since the enemy can attack not with one, but with several blows.

Defense by deflection to the side, or the so-called “pendulum”, is used very widely in professional fights. Prominent boxers such as Floyd Patterson and Mike Tyson used it as their main defense.

Dive– a protective action performed by lowering the center of gravity of the body by bending the legs and forward movement body down (Fig. 3.77) or down and to the side (Fig. 3.78).

Diving defenses allow you to effectively defend against all strikes, with the exception of strikes from below. When performing dives, the boxer squats a little, which means his body contracts and is ready for a counter-attack.

Rice. 3.77 Dive Down Defense

Rice. 3.78 Defense by diving down and to the side

Movement defenses

Movement defenses in boxing are the most reliable. Their use is associated with maneuvering around the ring, and therefore with solving various tactical problems. Defense with movements allows the boxer to maintain his fighting stance without changing, therefore, to be ready to carry out any technical and tactical actions. As a rule, such defenses are used by tall boxers who are trying to keep their opponent at a distance. Defenses with movements are carried out with a step (jump) back and a step (jump) to the side.

Defense by moving backwards allows you to quickly get out of contact with the enemy and completely control all his actions (Fig. 3.79).

Rice. 3.79 Defense by moving backwards

Defense by moving to the side (Fig. 3.80) makes it possible to take a very safe position relative to the enemy. In addition, the athlete’s hands are completely free to strike, and the opponent loses sight of him for a split second. This type of defense is often used against a serially attacking opponent.

Rice. 3.80 Defense by moving to the side

Combined defenses

Pure defenses are used only sporadically in modern boxing. When performing defensive technical actions, boxers use several defenses at once. Such protections are called combined. Each boxer, in accordance with the structural features of his body, with the characteristics of his psyche and character, selects for himself an individual set of combined defenses.

Jack Johnson had brilliant combined defenses (Fig. 3.81). It is believed that this athlete had the most the best technology defense of all boxers of his time (he was world champion from 1908 to 1915). Johnson had some kind of special instinct, inherent only in the most outstanding fighters. Relying on him, Johnson did not carry out any favorite combinations, like all other boxers, but acted intuitively, according to the situation. He forced opponents to attack by lowering his hands and showing that he was open, but when the opponent attacked, he met him with accurate, with strong blows. Jack Johnson's amazing sense of distance allowed him to stay in the opponent's strike zone with his hands half-down, joke, tease him and remain invulnerable. Among other things, Johnson used combined defenses of sidestepping with deflection, blocking with deflections, etc.

Rice. 3.81 Jack Johnson

Very effective combined protection used by Mike Tyson. It was developed by Cus D’Amato, who gave it the name “peek-a-boo defense,” which can be translated as “hide and seek game.” This defense is also called the “peek-a-boo defense.”

Here is what A.G. Belenky writes about this defense: “The name comes from a game that mothers of all continents play with very young children: they hide their faces behind their palms, then stick it out halfway, say “peek-a-boo” and hide again . Babies are usually very happy, which could not be said about the opponents of Patterson, and later Tyson.

The essence of this technique is that during an attack by the enemy, the boxer always seems to be hiding behind his hands, but not statically, but constantly swaying from side to side and showing up from behind them - hence the name. The amplitude of head movements is quite small, and everything is performed as irregularly as possible. In addition, the boxer not only sways, but also crouches slightly under the blows all the time. As a result of all these movements, the enemy “loses his aim” and constantly misses. And if it does hit, the blow is usually casual, since it hits not a static, but a moving target. For the same reason, the force of the impact is largely damped. The freely moving head easily leans back and to the side, that is, in the direction of the blow. This technique was, of course, not invented by D’Amato, but he managed to organically integrate it into his unique system. The “peek-a-boo” defense is in no way a defense in its pure form. The boxer using it constantly counterattacks and hits with both hands, using both single blows and combinations.”

Combination of technical actions in techniques

During the fight, the boxer constantly uses various techniques, which, in turn, consist of various technical actions. For example, in order to strike an opponent, a boxer must perform at least three technical actions: approach him, strike, and take measures to repel a possible retaliatory strike. Strikes can be delivered from a standing position or while moving.

You can perform standing strikes with or without transferring your body weight. In both cases, it is possible to use three vertical axes of the body.

Performing a strike with the body weight placed equally on both legs (Fig. 3.82). The overall center of gravity is projected onto the middle of the support. In Fig. 3.82, A the boxer performs a right jolt to the body, in Fig. 3.82, b- left side.

Rice. 3.82 Body weight on two legs

Performing a strike with the body weight on the leg, opposite hand, delivering the strike. In Fig. 3.83 shows a right hook to the body, and in Fig. 3.84 – right swing to the head. The general center of gravity is projected onto the front part of the support, that is, onto the front (left) leg.

Performing a strike with the body weight placed on the leg, the arm of the same name, delivering the strike. In Fig. 3.85 shows a short left uppercut to the head. In this case, the general center of gravity is projected onto the front part of the support, that is, onto the same (left) leg.

Rice. 3.83 Right hook to the body

Rice. 3.84 Right swing to the head

Rice. 3.85 Short left uppercut to the head

Performing strikes in combination with movements is carried out in four ways:

The blow is delivered simultaneously with the step with the foot of the same name as the striking hand, the second leg completes the step;

First, the leg opposite the striking hand steps, and then, simultaneously with the step, a blow is struck with the same leg;

After a step with the foot of the same name as the striking hand, the blow is delivered simultaneously with the step with the opposite foot;

The blow is delivered under the step with the foot of the opposite striking hand, after which the second leg completes the step.

The combination of strikes with steps forward, backward and to the sides is the same. Exactly the same structure in jumping movements and when pushing with one leg. When pushing with both legs, the kick is performed simultaneously with the placement of the legs.

The expression “simultaneously with placing the leg(s)” should not always be taken literally. There are actually three options:

First, the leg(s) are placed, and then the blow is struck;

Placing the leg(s) and striking occurs simultaneously;

First the kick begins, and then the leg(s) are planted.

Literature

1. Dmitriev A.V., Sergeev S.A., Grishuk A.V. A brief terminological dictionary of boxing. – Minsk: AFViS of the Republic of Belarus, 1998.

2. Kovtik A. N., Dmitriev A. V., Bartash V. A. Classification of technical elements in Thai boxing. Technical actions outside the grip. Scientific notes: Sat. scientific works – Vol. 4. – Minsk: AFViS of the Republic of Belarus, 2000. – P. 125–130.

3. Degtyarev I. P. Boxing: Textbook. for institutes physical culture. – M.: Physical culture and sport, 1979.

4. Kovtik A. N. Classification of strikes in Muay Thai. – Minsk: PIP “Bonham”, 2002. – P. 52–53.

5. Belenky A. G. Boxing. Big champions. – M.: Astrel, 2004. – P. 299–300.

6. Kovtik A. N. Combination of technical actions in techniques combat sports. – Minsk: AFK, 2001.

Instructions

First, you should find a good trainer. The task only seems simple, but in reality it is not easy. Not only your progress in training, but also your health will depend on how qualified the trainer you choose is. boxing is very dangerous.

Good coach must have the ability to convey their knowledge to their students, not get irritated and not yell at you when something doesn’t work out. As a rule, exes who have completed their big ring, go into coaching. When choosing a coach, ask him what successes he personally has achieved, how many years he has been teaching, and what successes his students have achieved. The answers to these questions will serve as indicators for you whether to start in this section or look for another.

If for some reason you cannot find a trainer, then start boxing on your own. To do this, you need a visual aid, which you can buy at your local bookstore. When choosing a boxing tutorial, look at who wrote it. It is advisable that this be a person who has years of coaching experience behind him. After reading the manual in detail, start training. But it is necessary to remember that no tutorial can replace working in gym with a real trainer.

Buy necessary equipment which will make it easier training process and will protect vulnerable parts of the body from impacts. First, boxing gloves (preferably 10 ounces) and wraps to protect your hands and knuckles. It is advisable to buy bandages that have a little stretch; it will be easier to wrap. You will also need a helmet and mouth guard. A helmet will help protect your eyebrows and head from possible cuts, and a mouth guard will protect your jaw and teeth. It is advisable to train in free sportswear and in special shoes - boxers - which will protect your ankle from sprains.

Good luck in your endeavors and remember the Eastern wisdom - the road will be mastered by those who walk.

Sources:

• how to start taking care of yourself

Boxing is a popular and not very cheap sport for spectators, if we talk about professional fights. But, despite the high cost of tickets, this show is worth it. You've already watched a lot of fights on TV, but want to see boxing live? Please be patient and read this article.

Instructions

Check out the local calendar. If you can't afford fighting yet, don't despair. There are ones that can also be no less exciting and interesting. And in general, amateurs here are very conditional. After all Olympic champions they are also amateurs in boxing.
But if the Olympics are still far away, and it itself will not be held in the closest place for Russians, then pay attention to local, regional and, possibly, all-Russian tournaments.
Surely there are also boxing competitions taking place in your city, so find information about the place and time of the fights - and go to boxing.

If your budget allows you, you can go to professional fights. They take place not only in Las Vegas, but also here in Russia. And the price of tickets to the fights is relatively low. You can even get into professional fights for 700 rubles. There are, of course, cheaper tickets, for 300 rubles, for example, but this is just not too good places, since there are tickets for 75,000 rubles for fights for the title of world champions.

Go to the airport. If local amateur and even professional competitions do not suit you, or maybe they are not at all in your locality, then there is still a way out. Gourmets of this sport should pay attention to the World Amateur Boxing Championship. It will take place in Busan, South Korea, from September 16 to October 1, 2011. Boxing competitions among professionals for the championship title take place much more often. The reason for this is the presence of several professional boxing federations. As for prestige, it is most prestigious to win against both amateurs and professionals in the most difficult category. The heaviest boxing category is over 91 kg. Among the professional federations, the most prestigious are the WBC, WBA, WBO and IBF, so keep an eye on the schedule of fights and save money for travel expenses. Love boxing and take care of your face!

Video on the topic

Sources:

• Who from Russian athletes will not go to the Games because of the decision

Even the preparation itself to learn boxing will help you reduce stress and gain good health. physical fitness. And when you learn to box, this bonus will also add a sense of your own strength. You can learn boxing by practicing with a trainer or on your own.

You will need

• Boxing gloves
• Bandages
• Jump rope
• Workout clothes
• Boxing benefits
• Sneakers (not too tight)
• Phonebook
• Computer with Internet access

Instructions

To start learning boxing, you need some basic boxing equipment. In most gyms, you can use local gloves, for example, but it's much nicer to have your own. So, you need bandages, gloves (if their weight is more than 300 grams, then at first they can be used both in individual and pair training), sneakers (for now you are just starting out, so you can do without special boxing shoes), a T-shirt and shorts.

How quickly you learn and where you start depends on your trainer. But remember one thing - practice your kicks every day. Even if you don't go to the gym, it's important to practice. Daily exercise will help you feel more confident and relaxed. It will be easier to win!

note

Boxing training at home is a great learning experience that will show you the basic moves and punches of boxing. The main advantage of this video is that it can easily replace you personal trainer and you can easily learn your favorite sport right at home! Be careful when performing the elements to avoid injury!

Helpful advice

Why read an article about how to learn to fight? At least to choose the right section! For those who want to learn how to fight well, optimal view sports activities will definitely be boxing or kickboxing. It is much more difficult to learn to fight at home, without an opponent. But with a strong desire, this is possible. Don't rush to buy boxing gloves and a punching bag.

Sources:

• how to learn boxing at home

Boxing is considered an aggressive sport, most suitable for men. But it has been proven that it is good for releasing negative energy, relieving emotional stress, and psychological relief. nervous system. This type sport helps to put the body in order, to reset excess weight and develop beautiful muscle definition. Many girls show interest in boxing to tone their body.

You will need

• - punching bag;
• - sportswear;
• - bandages;
• - punching bag;
• - boxing paws;
• - companion;
• - CDs with training.